T. A. Aseeva, K. V. Zenkina, I. B. Trifuntova, O. Yu. Imtosimi, A. G. Tishkova, N. E. Savchenko
Far Eastern Research Institute of Agriculture, pos. Vostochnyi-1, Khabarovskii krai, 680521, Russian Federation
Abstract. The aim of the study was to develop an integrated system for protecting grain crops in the Russian Far East. The work was performed against a natural infectious background in 2013–2015 and 2019–2020 in the Khabarovsk Territory. In breeding grain crops, we identified the following major fungal diseases: powdery mildew (Blumeria graminis DC Speer), brown rust (Puccinia triticina Erikss.), yellow rust (Puccinia striiformis West.), fusarium head and panicle blight (Fusarium spp.), dust brand (Ustilago nuda Jens. Kell), dark brown spot disease (Bipolaris sorokiniana Sacc. Shoem.), net blotch (Drechslerateres Sacc. Shoemaker), and red brown spot disease (Drechslera avenae Eidam. Scharif.). The greatest spread (100%) of the disease was registered in the phase of milky-wax ripeness of grain. Epiphytotics of powdery mildew and fusarium head blight of spring wheat and triticale were noted in the seed breeding crops. Fusarium head blight developed under the influence of high daytime temperatures of the surface air layer (r = 0.872) and high relative humidity (r = 0.899) during the period of milk ripeness. Powdery mildew developed under the influence of high temperatures of the surface air layer (r = 0.514). Industrial grain crops in the Khabarovsk Territory were more affected by helminthosporium diseases. To reduce the harmfulness of diseases, it is recommended to treat seeds with the fungicide Vial TT, WSC with double spraying of vegetative plants with Abakus, SE (biological efficiency was 57–62%), to use the growth regulator DV-47-4 jointly with Kolosal, EC fungicide (biological efficiency was 55–67%), to soak seeds, and to treat plants during vegetation with the microbiological preparation Extrasol, F (biological efficiency was 45–77%).
Keywords: fungal diseases; cereals; oats (Avena sativa L.); barley (Hordeum vulgare L.); wheat (Triticum aestivum L.); triticale (Triticosecale Wittmack); Far Eastern federal district of Russia; monsoon climate.
Author Details: T. A. Aseeva, D. Sc. (Agr.), Corresponding member of the RAS, acting director (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); K. V. Zenkina, junior research fellow; I. B. Trifuntova, research fellow; O. Yu. Imtosimi, research fellow; A. G. Tishkova, junior research fellow; N. E. Savchenko, research fellow.
For citation: Aseeva T. A., Zenkina K. V., Trifuntova I. B., et al. [Fungal diseases on cereals in the monsoon climate of the Russian Far East]. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2020;34(12):12-8. Russian. doi: 10.24411/0235-2451-2020-11202.