L. R. Valiullin1, Rish. S. Mukhammadiev1, Rin. S. Mukhammadiev1, E. V. Skvortsov1, I. S. Raginov1, V. Yu. Rud’2, A. P. Glinushkin2
1Federal Center of Toxicological, Radiation and Biological Safety, Nauchnyi gorodok, 3, Kazan, 420008, Russian Federation
2All-Russian Research Institute of Phytopathology, ul. Institut, vl. 5, r.p. Bol’shie Vyazemy, Odintsovskii r-n, Moskovskaya obl.,143050, Russian Federation
Abstract. The research aimed to study the effectiveness of using microorganisms Bacillus subtilis, Lactococcus lactis, Lactobacillus plantarum, and Lactococcus lactis to reduce the toxicity of plant materials contaminated for 14 days by microscopic fungi Fusarium sporotrichioides and Fusarium oxysporum. We conducted bio testing of protozoa, rabbits (skin test), and mice; we also experimented on white rats. The effectiveness of the long-term (for 21 days) effect of the selected strains of microorganisms on the body of white rats was assessed by the change in live weight, as well as by the change in clinical, haematological, and biochemical blood parameters. The live weight of the animals from the experimental group who consumed toxic feed by the end of the experiment was less than the live weight of the animals from the control group by 12.1%. In the groups where microorganisms were used together with toxic food, the value of this indicator changed insignificantly. The concentrations of erythrocytes, leukocytes, and haemoglobin in the blood of the rats fed with toxic food decreased, in comparison with the control by 18.2%, 25.6%, and 15.0%, respectively. In the groups where microorganisms were used to detoxify feed, especially in the combination Bacillus subtilis + Lactococcus lactis + Lactobacillus plantarum, haematological parameters remained at the control level. In the group using toxic food, the values of AST, ALT, alkaline phosphatase, and total bilirubin in the blood of animals were higher than in the control by 72.1%, 51.2%, 44.1%, and 32.4%, respectively; the glucose level was lower by 38.7%. When microorganisms, especially their consortium, which included the strains of all three studied species, were added to the toxic feed the biochemical parameters of the blood did not differ significantly from the control.
Keywords: feed raw materials; micromycetes; microorganisms; toxicity; metabolites of microscopic fungi.
Author Details: L. R. Valiullin, Cand. Sc. (Biol.), leading research fellow (е-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); Rish. S. Mukhammadiev, Cand. Sc. (Biol.), research fellow; Rin. S. Mukhammadiev, Cand. Sc. (Biol.), research fellow; E. V. Skvortsov, Cand. Sc. (Biol.), senior research fellow; I. S. Raginov, D. Sc. (Med.), research fellow; V. Yu. Rud’, D. Sc. (Phis.-Math.), leading research fellow; A. P. Glinushkin, D. Sc. (Agr.), Corresponding member of the RAS, director.
For citation: Valiullin LR, Mukhammadiev RishS, Mukhammadiev RinS, et al. [Neutralization of Fusarium metabolites in plant materials]. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2020;34(12):73-7. Russian. doi: 10.24411/0235-2451-2020-11212.