T. A. Vinogradova, T. A. Kudryashova, N. N. Koz’yakova
Federal Scientific Center of Bast-Fiber Crops Breeding, Komsomol’skii prosp., 17/56, Tver’, 170041, Russian Federation
Abstract. The studies were conducted in the Tver, Smolensk, Kostroma, Vologda, and Pskov regions in 2001–2020. The purpose of the study was to identify varieties of fibre flax bred in Russia competitive in terms of the total fibre yield, yield and quality of long and short fibres during the primary processing of flax straw of various qualities at flax processing enterprises, as well as to determine the level of realization of the potential established at the state variety testing under production conditions. The material for the study was flax straw of 18 varieties bred in Russia and 12 varieties bred outside Russia. The average total fibre output obtained as a result of the processing of low-quality flax straw of the varieties bred in Russia was higher than that of the varieties bred outside Russia by 1.7%; the yield of long fibres was higher by 0.9%; the yield of short fibre was higher by 0.8%; the number of short fibre was higher by 0.37 N; the number of the long fibre was lower by 0.12 N. When using high-quality flax straw, the difference was +0.5%, +1.6%; -1.0%, +0.34 N, and +0.11 N, respectively. According to the method for determining the average index of varieties (mean position, i.e. the position among all studied varieties) by individual traits and their complex on the entire flax straw quality assessment scale, the varieties bred in Russia were superior to those bred outside Russia in terms of low-quality flax by 4.0 positions and in terms of high-quality flax by 2.0 positions. In terms of the total fibre yield and the yield of long fibre during the processing of flax, in comparison with the results of the state variety testing, the potential of fibre flax varieties yielding high-quality flax straw in terms of the total yield was realized by 77.1–95.4%, in terms of the long fibre yield it was realized by 26.7–55.2% and was higher than when using low-quality raw materials by 50.8–87.0% and 9.2–53.6%, respectively. The best Russian varieties in terms of the degree of potential realization included Aleksandrit, Universal, Sursky, Lenok, Alfa, Zaryanka, Tomsky 17, Tomsky 18, Tost, Lider, and Aleksim; the best varieties bred outside Russia were Praleska, Agata, Mogilevsky 2, and Vasilek.
Keywords: variety; flax straw; total fibre yield; long fibre yield; long fibre number; short fibre yield; short fibre number; complex of traits.
Author Details: T. A. Vinogradova, senior research fellow (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); T. A. Kudryashova, Сand. Sc. (Techn.), leading research fellow; N. N. Koz’yakova, research fellow.
For citation: Vinogradova TA, Kudryashova TA, Koz’yakova NN. [Characteristics of fibre flax varieties of different breeding according to the complex of traits of the technological value of flax raw materials]. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2021;35(5):33-9. Russian. doi: 10.24411/0235-2451-2021-10505.