V. E. Kardashina
Ural Federal Agricultural Scientific Center, Ural branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Belinskogo 112 A, Ekaterinburg, Sverdlovskaya obl., 620142, Russian Federation
Abstract. TThe purpose of the studies was to compare and analyze economically valuable traits and parameters of ecological adaptability of spring oat varieties Sprint 2, Stayer, Atlet, Pokrov 2, as well as their parental forms Garland and Taezhnik to develop recommendations for breeding a new hybrid material. Field experiments were performed in 2018–2020 in the southwest of the Sverdlovsk region. The soil was dark grey forest with a granulometric composition varying from light loamy to heavy loamy. In the spring, before cultivation, fertilizers were applied at the rate of N60P60K60. The hydrothermal coefficient during the years of the study was 1.15–1.99. The average yield of the studied varieties was 542.0–570.7 g/m2, which was 27.3–64.4 g/m2 higher than that of the parent varieties. Exceptionally large grains were noted for Stayer variety; the weight of 1000 grains was 46 g, which was 4.4 g and 9.7 g more than for Taezhnik and Garland varieties, respectively. Atlet and Pokrov 2 varieties were distinguished by high grain content (26.5–27.5 pcs) and grain weight (1.169–1.192 g) per panicle. The lowest values of these indicators were observed in Garland variety (23.6 pcs and 0.821 g). Varieties Sprint 2 and Garland belong to the group of early-ripening varieties with a duration of the growing season of 73–81 days. We noted that Pokrov 2 and Stayer varieties were superior in terms of general adaptability (GAP was 25.94–27.24 according to Kilchevsky and Khotyleva’s method) to the parental forms. Atlet variety was characterized by high plasticity (bi was 0.96 according to Eberhart and Russell’s method) and stability (Sd2 was 0) under various environmental conditions. The parent varieties Garland, Taezhnik were distinguished by high protein content in grain (11.81–12.26%), medium stability indicators (GAP was 16.56–17.04 and Sd2 was 0.007), but were less adaptable to the climatic conditions of the Middle Urals (GAP was from -28.06 to -36.39) and were the most fastidious about the agricultural background (bi was 1.13–1.18).
Keywords: oats (Avena sativa L.); growing season; variety; productivity; adaptability; stability; plasticity.
Author Details: V. E. Kardashina, senior research fellow (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.).
For citation: Kardashina VE. [Comparative evaluation of oat varieties bred in the Urals and their parental forms]. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2021;35(6):11-4. Russian. doi: 10.24411/0235-2451-2021-10602.