Productivity and quality of spring common wheat in Western Siberia

T. N. Kapko¹, I. E. Lihenko^1,2, V. V. Sovetov¹, E. V. Ageeva^1
1Siberian Research Institute of Plant Growing and Breeding, branch of the “Federal Research Center the Institution of Cytology and Genetics”, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. S-100, zd. 21, a/ya 375, pos. Krasnoobsk, Novosibirskii r-n, Novosibirskaya obl., 630501, Russian Federation
²Federal Research Center the Institution of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, prosp. AkademikaLavrent’eva, 10, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russian Federation

Abstract. The studies aimed to determine the differences in productivity and gluten content of spring common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties of different ripeness groups for the selection of the best genotypes and their spreading in production. The work was performed in 2008–2020 in the Novosibirsk region on 106 early-ripening, mid-early, and mid-ripening spring wheat variety samples. Novosibirskaya 15 (early-ripening), Novosibirskaya 29, Novosibirskaya 31 (mid-early), and Novosibirskaya 44 (mid-ripening) varieties were used as standards. The indicators of heat and moisture supply varied greatly in different years. The maximum yield in the experiment was obtained in 2018 (4.10 t/ha for mid-early varieties and 4.53 t/ha for mid-ripening varieties) and 2020 (4.17 t/ha for early-ripening varieties). The duration of the growing season varied from 59 (early-ripening Novosibirskaya 15 variety in the dry 2012) to 91 days (varieties Omskaya 36 and Trizo under waterlogged conditions in 2018). Early-ripening varieties, inferior in yield to mid-early and mid-ripening genotypes, were generally more stable in terms of gluten content. Depending on the ripeness group, it varied within 29.6–33.4%. The maximum gluten content in the experiment (39.6%) was noted in 2013 for the mid-early genotypes. The yield was maximally increased by the component reflecting the reaction of the variety samples to weather conditions and associated with the indicators that determine productivity – by 35.27%. Based on the results of a comprehensive assessment of economically valuable traits, we submitted three new varieties for the State Variety Testing of the Russian Federation: Novosibirskaya 49, Novosibirskaya 75, and Zagora Novosibirskaya.

Keywords: spring common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.); yield; grain quality; variety.

Author Details: T. N. Kapko, junior research fellow (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); I. E. Lihenko, D. Sc. (Agr.), deputy director for science, director; V. V. Sovetov, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), senior research fellow; E. V. Ageeva, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), research fellow.).

For citation: Kapko TN, Lihenko IE, Sovetov VV, et al. [The study of bread wheat yield and quality in West Siberia]. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2021;35(10):25-31. Russian. doi: 10.53859/02352451_2021_35_10_25.