Comparative assessment of spring common wheat varieties for a complex of traits in the Central Region of the Non-Chernozem Zone of Russia

I. N. Voronchikhina¹, V. S. Rubets², V. V. Voronchikhin¹, V. V. Pyl’nev^2
1Tsytsyn Main Botanic Garden, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Botanicheskaya, 4, Moskva, 127276, Russian Federation
²Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, ul. Timiryazevskaya, 49, Moskva, 127550, Russian Federation

Abstract. The studies aimed to determine a valuable source material of spring common wheat of various ecological and geographical origins according to the main economically useful traits for further use in breeding. Fifteen varieties were evaluated in a micro-plot experiment under conditions of the Central Region of the Non-Chernozem Zone (CRNZ) in 2019–2021. Only variety Ekada 66 (586.0 g/m2) during three years of testing exceeded the standard variety Zlata in yield by 132.1 g/m2; the indicators of the variety Chernozemno-Uralskaya 2 was at the standard level (522.2 g/m2). The varieties Tyumenskaya 25 (85 days) and Zlata (84 days) were distinguished by the smallest duration of the growing season. They can be used in the breeding process as sources of early ripeness. Liza, Ivolga Fioletovaya, Pamyati Konovalova, KVS Akvilon, Zlata, Tyumenskaya 25, and Ekada 66 were characterized by the highest resistance to lodging (4.5 points and higher). Kinelskaya Otrada and Ekada 113 genotypes were the least resistant to lodging (two points) in the highly humid 2020. During three years of testing Gerakl, KVS Akvilon, Ekada 113, Tyumenskaya 25, Ekada 66, and Chernozemno-Uralskaya 2 variety samples proved to be resistant to fungal diseases (7–9 points) that made it possible to recommend them as sources of this feature under conditions of the CRNZ. Protein content in most of the studied varieties corresponded to the level of strong wheat (more than 14%); gluten content corresponded to the level of the wheat valuable in terms of the quality (more than 25%). Vitreousness above 60% was found in the varieties Gerakl, Liza, Tulaykovskaya 108, Kinelskaya Otrada, KVS Akvilon, Ekada 113, and Tyumenskaya 25. They can be recommended as a source for breeding varieties with high baking qualities.

Keywords: spring common wheat; baking quality of grain; growing conditions; protein content; lodging resistance; resistance to fungal diseases; vitreousness..

Author Details: I. N. Voronchikhina, research fellow (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); V. S. Rubets, D. Sc. (Biol.), prof.; V. V. Voronchikhin, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), research fellow; V. V. Pyl’nev, D. Sc. (Biol.), prof.

For citation: Voronchikhina IN, Rubets VS, Voronchikhin VV, et al. [Comparative assessment of spring common wheat varieties for a complex of traits in the Central Region of the Non-Chernozem Zone of Russia]. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2021;35(10):32-8. Russian. doi: 10.53859/02352451_2021_35_10_32.