Monitoring of the main agrochemical indicators of arable soil fertility in the Central Chernozem Region of Russia

R. V. NEKRASOV¹, S. V. LUKIN^2,3, D. A. KUNITSYN⁴, V. V. PIROZHENKO⁵, Yu. I. SISKEVICH⁶, A. E. BADIN^7
1Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation, Orlikov per., 1/11, Moskva, 107139, Russian Federation
²Center of Agrochemical Service “Belgorodsky”, ul. Shchorsa, 8, Belgorod, 308027, Russian Federation
³Belgorod State National Research University, ul. Pobedy, 85, k. 14, Belgorod, 308015, Russian Federation
⁴State Center of Agrochemical Service «Voronezhsky», ul. Lomonosova, 98, Voronezh, 394087, Russian Federation
⁵State Station of Agrochemical Service «Kurskaya», ul. Engel’sa, 140a, Kursk, 305023, Russian Federation
⁶Center of Agrochemical Service «Lipetskii», ul. Boevoi proezd, 38, Lipetsk, 398037, Russian Federation
⁷State Center of Agrochemical Service “Tambovsky”, ul. Moskovskaya, 2b, Tambov, 392000, Russian Federation

Abstract. Some projected adaptive-landscape farming systems are aimed at the use of ecologically sustainable agricultural landscapes. A necessary condition for the successful implementation of these systems is the availability of relevant soil monitoring data. The purpose of the investigation was to study the dependence of the patterns of the main agrochemical parameters of chernozem fertility on the level of application of fertilizers and ameliorants in the Central Chernozem Region. The work used materials from a continuous agrochemical survey of arable soils conducted in the Belgorod, Voronezh, Kursk, Lipetsk, and Tambov regions since 2001. Kursk, Tambov, Lipetsk, most of Belgorod, as well as northern and central parts of the Voronezh regions, are located in the forest-steppe zone. Its soils are represented mainly by typical, leached, and podzolized chernozems. Grey forest soils are more common in the Kursk and Tambov regions. The steppe natural zone includes only the extreme south and southeast of the Belgorod and Voronezh regions, where the soil cover is represented by ordinary, residual carbonate, and southern chernozems. On 1 January 2021, the highest weighted average organic matter content (6.5%) was recorded in the soils of the Tambov region; the highest weighted average content of mobile forms of phosphorus (143 mg/kg) and potassium (169 mg/kg) was recorded in the soils of the Belgorod region. The lowest organic matter provision (4.7%) is characteristic of the soils of the Kursk region; the lowest provision with mobile forms of phosphorus (88 mg/kg) and potassium (106 mg/kg) is characteristic of the soils of the Tambov region. The smallest proportion of acid soils (31.0%) is characteristic of the Belgorod and Voronezh regions; the highest proportion of acid soils (77.9%) is characteristic of the Lipetsk region. The highest application doses of organic (8.83 t/ha) and mineral (156 kg/ha) fertilizers were noted in the Belgorod and Kursk regions, respectively; the lowest doses (0.24 t/ha and 88.1 kg/ha, respectively) were noted in Tambov and Voronezh region, respectively. The highest yield of grain and leguminous crops (4.95 t/ha) was recorded in the Kursk region; the lowest yield (3.62 t/ha) was recorded in the Voronezh region.

Keywords: agrochemical survey; potassium; soil acidity; trace elements; soil organic matter; phosphorus; fertilizers; yield.

Author Details: R. V. Nekrasov, Cand. Sc. (Econ.), director of division; S. V. Lukin, D. Sc. (Agr.), director, prof. (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); D. A. Kunitsyn, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), director; V. V. Pirozhenko, director; Yu. I. Siskevich, Cand. Sc. (Geogr.), director; A. E. Badin, director.

For citation: Nekrasov RV, Lukin SV, Kunitsyn DA, et al. [Monitoring of the main agrochemical indicators of arable soil fertility in the Central Chernozem Region of Russia] Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2021;35(9):4-10. Russian. doi: 10.53859/02352451_2021_35_9_4.