Z. V. Dolganova
Federal Altai Scientific Center of Agrobiotechnologies, Nauchnyi gorodok, 35, Barnaul, 656910, Russian Federation
Abstract. The purpose of the study was to breed Iris japonica varieties with a new colour and shape of flowers, adapted to the conditions of the forest-steppe in the south of Western Siberia. The duration of the growing season varied from 161 days in 2020 to 177 days in 2019. The use of varieties bred at the end of the 20th century in the Botanical Garden – the Institute of the Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences in hybridization made it possible to breed varieties adapted to the conditions of the forest-steppe of the Altai Territory with new flower colours. In 2012, we performed 70 crossing combinations and grew 875 seedlings; in 2017, we selected 22 elite hybrids (1.8%), including nine from families with the participation of the Ust’-Katun’ variety (Dobrynya x Amursky Zaliv). We identified five hybrids similar to the Ust’-Katun’ variety in terms of a rib pattern, but with a different colour of ribs (pink, purple, dark blue, and blue). We identified hybrids with 3–5 flowers on a peduncle. Seed germination in the varieties obtained as a result of crossing geographically distant M.E. Kaulen (Tula region) varieties with Altai varieties varied from 10% to 55% depending on the family. Of the families resulted from the crossing of Zastenchivyy variety with Russkiye Rusalki variety and Zaoksky variety with Russkiye Rusalki variety, 11–15 hybrids, or 40–50%, were classified as elite hybrids. These are winter-hardy hybrids with a variety of flower colours: snow-white, blue with a white border around the edge, ice-blue with an admixture of purple, white with an erubescence around the signal or in the centre of the perianth lobes, etc. Many hybrids had black-violet or black-purple pistil blades, contrasting to the flower colour. Hybrids from Japan with the original colour of flowers bloomed periodically, that is why they are not suitable for inclusion in the landscaping assortment but are promising for hybridization with Altai varieties.
Keywords: Iris japonica; geographically distant hybridization; flower colour; perianth; pistil.
Author Details: Z.V. Dolganova, D. Sc. (Agr.), Prof. (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.).
For citation: Dolganova ZV. [Progress in Iris japonica breeding in the forest-steppe of the south of Western Siberia] Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2021;35(9):48-53. Russian. doi: 10.53859/02352451_2021_35_9_48.