G. A. Makarova, A. V. Kolesnikova, N. P. Stol’nikova
Federal Altai Scientific Center of Agrobiotechnologies, Nauchnyigorodok, 35, Barnaul, 656910, Russian Federation
Abstract. n the investigation, we assessed the development of fungal diseases on plants of various cultivars of strawberries and grapes in years different in meteorological conditions to identify highly resistant forms and their subsequent use in breeding and production. Fourteen strawberry cultivars were assessed according to the degree of damage by powdery mildew, 16 grape samples were evaluated by the level of mildew infestation. The work was carried out in the forest-steppe zone of the Altai Territory in 2011–2020. The soil was grey forest one. Damage to strawberry plants by powdery mildew was absent or insignificant (0.0–0.5 points) in 2011, 2012 (hot, arid) and 2013 (with low heat supply). The defeat of grape plants with mildew was absent or was insignificant in 2011, 2012, 2015 (hot and dry). In 2014–2018, powdery mildew on strawberries manifested itself in a very weak and weak degree. In 2014, mildew developed poorly, in 2013, 2016, 2017 (with a large amount of precipitation during the growing season) – as epiphytoty in susceptible cultivars. In 2019 and 2020 there was strong dew in the surface layer of the air, which caused the active development of powdery mildew on strawberries; mildew developed poorly. During the years of the investigation, the greatest damage from powdery mildew was observed in the cultivars Darenka, Zabelinskaya, Spasskaya, Festivalnaya Romashka (3.0 points), from mildew – in Zhemchug Saba, Madeleine Angevin, Ranniy Magaracha, Rozovy Biser (4.0 to 5.0 points). Strawberry cultivars Fejerverk, Bogota, Khanni, Surecrop were very weakly affected (0.5–1.0 points). The grape cultivars Vostorg, Latvijsky Rozovy, Rusbol, Khasansky Bousa did not have a lesion (0.0 points) even in epiphytotic years. These cultivars can be used in breeding as sources of resistance to fungal diseases and are recommended for cultivation in amateur and industrial gardening.
Keywords: strawberry (Fragaria ananassa Duch.); grape (Vitis L.); cultivar; meteorological conditions; powdery mildew (Oidium fragariae Harz.); mildew (Plasmopara viticola Berl. Et de-Toni.); degree of damage; resistance.
Author Details: G. A. Makarova, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), senior research fellow (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); A. V. Kolesnikova, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), leading research fellow (е-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); N. P. Stol’nikova, D. Sc. (Agr.), leading research fellow (е-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.).
For citation: Makarova GA, Kolesnikova AV, Stol’nikova NP. [Influence of meteorological conditions on the development of fungal diseases of strawberries and grapes]. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2021;35(9):42-7. Russian. doi: 10.53859/02352451_2021_35_9_42.