V. A. Zakharenko
Federal Research Center «Nemchinovka», ul. Agrokhimikov, 6, pos. Novoivanovskoe, Odintsovskii r-n, Moskovskaya obl., 143026, Russian Federation
Abstract. The development of the agricultural sector of the Russian Federation, which provides for the implementation of the Food Security Doctrine, restrains crop losses from pests. The purpose of the research was to evaluate the economic efficiency of chemical plant protection of strategically valuable grain and industrial crops within the framework of progressive technologies that involve the use of equipment with information technology (IT) elements and precision farming. The paper used statistical and literary sources for 2016–2018. The considered progressive equipment is most appropriate to use in large agricultural enterprises with a sown area of more than 2500 hectares. During the study period, there were 36,054 enterprises in the country with an average sown area of 2813.5 ha, including 24.2% of enterprises with a land area of 3,000...40,000 ha, that can switch to machines with IT elements and precision farming in the first place. The economic efficiency of pesticide application with the use of agricultural machinery with IT elements and precision farming (on the example of “Gvarta-8” sprayers costing from 1295 thousand rubles to 2225 thousand rubles) was determined in comparison with corresponding equipment without such components (cost from 525 thousand rubles to 1150 thousand rubles). Treatment of crops from pests with plant protection products of three groups (herbicides, fungicides and insecticides) using progressive equipment on an area of 11,815 thousand hectares ensures the preservation of products in the amount of 61,264 million rubles, at a cost of 24,320 million rubles, with a net income of 36,944 million rubles and the level of protection profitability of grain crops – 151.93%. At the same time, the yield of grain crops can reach 4.46 t/ha, sugar beet – 55.00 t/ha, sunflower – 1.92 t/ha, soybean – 2.01 t/ha, rapeseed – 2.01 t/ha, fiber flax – 1.30 t/ha.
Keywords: chemical plant protection; grain and industrial crops; spray equipment; plant protection technologies; IT technologies; economic efficiency.
Author Details: V. A. Zakharenko, D. Sc. (Agr.), chief research fellow (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.).
For citation: Zakharenko VA. [Economic efficiency of pesticides in agroecosystems of strategically valuable crops with the use of equipment with information technologies elements and precision farming] Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2022;36(2):4-7. Russian. doi: 10.53859/02352451_2022_36_2_4.