M. S. Gvozdeva, G. V. Volkova
Federal Scientific Center for Biological Plant Protection, Krasnodar, p/o 39, 350039, Russian Federation
Abstract. The research aimed to develop a biological protection system for winter wheat against a complex of economically significant diseases using the Grom variety as an example. The work was carried out in 2018–2021 in Krasnodar. Weather conditions of the growing seasons 2018/19 and 2020/21 were favourable for plant growth and phytopathogen development. The 2019/20 was characterized by a lack of moisture and spring frosts. The experiment included two methods of protection: biological – seed treatment with the fungicide Vitaplan, WP (application rate 20 g/t), spraying in the booting stage (Z 32-33) with the fungicide Vitaplan, WP (40 g/ha) and in the phase of inception of flowering (Z 59-61) with chemical fungicide Amistar Extra, SC (1.0 L/ha); chemical – the use of fungicides Maxim, SC (1.5 L/t), Fundazol, WP (0.5 kg/ha), Amistar Extra, SC (1.0 L/ha), respectively, at the same time. The control was without tillage. The effectiveness of the biological protection system against Fusarium root rot in the milky-wax ripeness phase was 54.9%, of the chemical one – 51.2%. Against Septoria in the blooming phase it was 77.0% and 87.4%, respectively. The effectiveness against yellow leaf spot was 63.7% and 79.1%, while against leaf rust – 11.8% and 78.9%. The use of biological protection contributed to the preservation of 600 kg/ha of grain yield, in comparison with the control, chemical protection – 850 kg/ha, while the net profit amounted to 5086 rubles/ha and 5684 rubles/ha, respectively. The use of technology for biologized protection of winter wheat is effective and can be recommended for production practice to reduce the pesticide load on the agroecosystem.
Keywords: winter wheat (Triticum aestivum); biological fungicides; biological protection; efficiency.
Author Details: M. S. Gvozdeva, post graduate student, research fellow; G. V. Volkova, D. Sc. (Biol.), chief research fellow (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.).
For citation: Gvozdeva MS, Volkova GV. [Protection of winter wheat from a complex of diseases in the central zone of the Krasnodar Territory with the predominant use of biological fungicides]. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2022;36(3):18-25. Russian. doi: 10.53859/02352451_2022_36_3_18.