M. Yu. Novoselov, L. V. Drobysheva, O. A. Starshinova
Williams Federal Scientific Center of Fodder Production and Agroecology, Nauchnyigorodok, k. 1, Lobnya, Moskovskaya obl., 141055, Russian Federation
Abstract. In 2013-2017, red clover breeding samples of different ploidy, created by different breeding methods, were evaluated by carrying capacity under different climatic conditions to identify the best genotypes. The studies were carried out under the conditions of the Moscow region. The main economic and biological properties of clover of diploid (9 samples) and tetraploid (9 samples) types were studied. The area of the plot was 5 m2, the repetition of the experiment was fivefold. The standards were zoned varieties VIK 84 (4n) and VIK 77 (2n). Three groups of samples were identified according to the duration of the growing season: ultra-early ripening (3 diploid and 2 tetraploid) – 42-48 days, early ripening (4 diploid and 3 tetraploid) – 50-54 days, mid ripening (2 diploid and 4 tetraploid) – 55-58 days. Among the tetraploid numbers in terms of carrying capacity and protein productivity, mid ripening samples No. 63 + KR-2 and TOS-3 stood out. Their superiority over the standard (10.3-10.9 t/ha and 1.56-1.60 t/ha, respectively) was 3-10%. The productivity of the tetraploid sample No. 404 was at the level of the VIK 84 variety, but it reached mowing maturity 7–10 days earlier. Of the diploid accessions, No. 1217 was the most productive in the second year of use (10.36-14.58 t/ha). Its advantage over the standard was 15-23%. With the age of sword (in the 2nd year of use in relation to the 1st year), an increase in productivity by 5% was observed. Tetraploid samples were superior to diploid ones in green mass productivity by 19.4%, dry mass by 16.2%, crude protein yield by 15%, and winter hardiness by 5%. The selected samples were recommended to be used to create varieties of red clover with different ripeness periods, which have high winter hardiness, carrying capacity and protein productivity, as well as plasticity.
Keywords: red clover (Trifolium pratense L.); diploids; tetraploids; competitive variety testing; carrying capacity; vegetation period.
Author Details: M. Yu. Novoselov, D. Sc. (Agr.), head of laboratory (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); L. V. Drobysheva, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), deputy head of laboratory; O. A. Starshinova, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), senior research fellow.
For citation: Novoselov MYu, Drobysheva LV, Starshinova OA. [Influence of genetic differences and agroclimatic conditions on the carrying capacity of red clover breeding accessions]. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2022;36(4):41-6. Russian. doi: 10.53859/02352451_2022_36_4_41.