L. R. Oganyan, F. V. Eroshenko
North-CaucasusFederal Scientific Agrarian Center, ul. Nikonova, 49, Mikhailovsk, Shpakovskii r-n, Stavropol’skii krai, 356241, Russian Federation
Abstract. In 2018–2021 the influence of different sowing dates on the yield and grain quality of new winter wheat varieties in ordinary chernozem in the zone of unstable moisture in the Stavropol Territory was studied. The experimental design included the following options: sowing dates (factor A) – September 15-20 (first, early), October 1-5 (second, optimal), October 20-25 (third, late); winter wheat varieties (factor B) – Victoria 11, Armada, Partner, Paritet, Sekletiya and Tsaritsa. Sowing was carried out according to the eared forecrop on a fertilized background (N60P60K60 for presowing cultivation and N30 in early spring). The highest yield was formed when sowing on October 1-5: in 2019 – 3.89 t/ha, in 2020 – 3.59 t/ha, in 2021 – 4.71 t/ha. Sowing at earlier (September 15-20) and later (October 20-25) terms led to a yield decrease depending on the variety, compared to the optimal one, by 19.9-39.3% and 9.0-27.2% respectively. The Paritet variety provided high yield at the first (early) and second (optimal) sowing times (3.16 and 3.79 t/ha), when sowing in the third it decreased (2.98 t/ha). The Sekletia variety formed an equal yield (4.02 and 4.03 t/ha) at the optimal and late sowing dates, which was significantly higher than the value of this indicator at the first term (by 0.74 and 0.75 t/ha). On a fertilized background, the amount of gluten increased from the first sowing period to the last. On average, over the years of research, high-quality grain at all sowing dates was formed by variety Victoria 1, in which the content of raw gluten in grain was 24.7- 29.0%, that was 0.2-5.2% higher than in other varieties.
Keywords: winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.); variety; yield; sowing time; crop structure; grain quality.
Author Details: L. R. Oganyan, post graduate student (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); F. V. Eroshenko, D. Sc. (Biol.), head of division (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.).
For citation: Oganyan LR, Eroshenko FV. [Yielding capacity of winter wheat depending on the sowing time under the conditions of the Stavropol Territory]. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2022;36(5):55-60. Russian. doi: 10.53859/02352451_2022_36_5_55.