M. V. Modorov, K. R. Fairushina, A. A. Kleshcheva, I. V. Tkachenko, O. I. Leshonok, M. Yu. Sevost’yanov
Ural Agricultural Research Institute, branch of the Ural Federal Agrarian Scientific Center, Ural branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Glavnaya, 21, Istok, Ekaterinburg, 620061, Russian Federation
Abstract. The research aimed to analyse the dynamics of the reproduction parameters of Holsteinized black-and-white cattle of the Sverdlovsk region, kept in 20 breeding organizations of the region. For a sample of more than 110,000 cows retired between 2000 and 2020, we determined the duration of economic use, the average number of calvings, the proportion of live heifers born per 100 calvings, and the gross reproduction rate. The information was obtained from IAS "Selex" – dairy cattle. In 200-2020 period the duration of the economic use of cows in the herds of the Sverdlovsk region tended to decrease from 3.25 years in 2000 to 2.91 years in 2020, which corresponds to the level of countries with a developed dairy cattle industry. Only in 6 of the 20 analysed breeding organizations in the region, the duration of the economic use of animals exceeded 3 years. The maximum average number of calvings per cow in the combined sample of breeding cattle of the Sverdlovsk region was observed in 2002. It amounted to 3.9; by 2020 the value of this indicator decreased to 3.3. The share of live heifers born per 100 calvings in the sample of cows in 2020 was 47%, during the study period it did not rise above 49%. Only in two breeding organizations in the region over the past few years, the value of this indicator slightly exceeded 50%, which may indicate the use of sexed semen in these organizations. Under present-day conditions in the Sverdlovsk region, the average number of live heifers left by breeding cows is about 1.5, while 20 years ago the value of this indicator exceeded 1.8. Under such conditions, the possibilities of active zootechnical culling, which is the most important factor in the introduction of genetic technologies on the farm, are very small. Investments in semen production of outstanding bulls are more justified.
Keywords: number of calvings; gross reproduction rate; duration of economic use; sexed semen; the Urals.
Author Details: M. V. Modorov, Cand. Sc. (Biol.), senior research fellow; K. R. Fairushina, post graduate student, junior research fellow; A. A. Kleshcheva, post graduate student, research fellow; I. V. Tkachenko, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), leading research fellow; O. I. Leshonok, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), leading research fellow; M. Yu. Sevost’yanov, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), branch director (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.).
For citation: Modorov MV, Fairushina KR, Kleshcheva AA, et al. [Reproduction of breeding Holsteinized black-and-white cattle of the Sverdlovsk region] Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2022;36(8):67-71. Russian. doi: 10.53859/02352451_2022_36_8_67.