Yield and grain quality of oats at different levels of mineral nutrition

D.I. Eremin¹, M.N. Moiseeva², D.V. Eremina^2
1Research Agricultural Institute of the Northern Trans-Urals, branch of the Federal Research Center of Tyumen Scientific Center, Siberian branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Burlaki, 2, pos. Moskovskii, Tyumenskii r-n, Tyumenskaya obl., 625501, Russian Federation
²State Agrarian University of the Northern Trans-Urals, ul. Republici, 7, Tyumen, 625003, Russian Federation

Abstract. The research aimed to study the influence of the level of mineral nutrition on the yield and quality of oats. The work was carried out in the Tyumen region in 2020-2022. The experimental design included the study of the following options: variety (factor A) – Talisman, Otrada, Foma; the level of mineral nutrition (factor B) – natural (without fertilizers – control), fertilizers based on the yield of 3, 4, 5 and 6 t/ha of grain (respectively N60P20, N90P40, N150P60, N200P80). The soil of the experimental plot was leached heavy loamy chernozem. The application of fertilizers at a yield of 3.0 and 4.0 t/ha had no effect on the duration of the growing season of oats, which varied from 73 (Foma) to 83 (Talisman) days, and in high doses led to a delay in the vegetation by 9-21 days. Without fertilizers, the varieties formed the yield from 1.72 (Talisman) to 2.05 (Otrada) t/ha. On medium (N60P20) and high (N90P40) agricultural backgrounds, grain harvest was 3.0 and 4.0 t/ha, respectively. A further increase in the level of nutrition provided a yield of 5.0 and 6.0 t/ha only in the Otrada and Foma varieties. The increase in the yield in the fertilized variants was due to the increase in the productive stalk from natural to very high agrobackground from 305-321 to 325-340 pcs/m2, the weight of 1000 grains – from 31.3 to 40.0 g, the ear grain content – from 18-23 pcs. up to 34-40 pcs. The introduction of mineral fertilizers had a positive effect on the biochemical and technological indicators of grain quality. The protein content increased from 6.7-8.9 to 8.4-10.5%. According to the amount of protein at the studied nutritional levels, the Foma variety stood out. The starch content changed to a lesser extent – from 45.9 to 52.4%. The amount of fat in the grain of the Talisman variety was 3.16-3.24%, Otrada – 5.5-6.1%, Foma – 4.3-4.4%.

Keywords: oats (Avena sativa L.); variety; fertilizer system, yield, grain biochemistry, quality.

Author Details: D. I. Eremin, D. Sc. (Biol.), leading research fellow (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); M. N. Moiseeva, post graduate student; D. V. Eremina, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), assoc. prof.

For citation: Eremin DI, Moiseeva MN, Eremina DV [Yield and grain quality of oats at different levels of mineral nutrition]. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2022;36(9):48-54. Russian. doi: 10.53859/02352451_2022_36_9_48.