N. I. Korobeinikov, V. S.Valekzhanin
Federal Altai Scientific Centre of Agrobiotechnology, pos. Nauchnyi Gorodok, 35, Barnaul, 656910, Russian Federation
Abstract. In the Altai Territory, over the past two decades, there have been significant progressive changes in the technologies for cultivating grain crops, including soft spring wheat. Technological progress, combined with a positive shift in weather conditions in the central and eastern zones of wheat cultivation in the region, has formed an agro-ecological basis for the use of short-stemmed wheat varieties. A new direction of breeding research in Altai was launched 12 years ago on the basis of the wide use of the best lines and varieties of wheat of foreign selection. The studies were carried out as part of the full breeding process of soft spring wheat, starting with the study of the initial collection material, hybridization, selection of elite plants, followed by evaluation of their progeny at various stages of the breeding process. The most detailed set of studies on developmental biology, resistance to adverse environmental factors, the level of productivity and grain quality of breeding lines and standard varieties was carried out at the stage of competitive variety testing (2017-2021). Crops were placed on the fallow forecrop. As a result of intensive work, three new short-stemmed varieties were created, including the mid-season Union. During the years of competitive testing, it exceeded the standard varieties in yield by 1.17-1.52 t/ha (28-40%). The maximum yield of the new variety on state crop testing site was 9.80 t/ha, in production crops – 8.98 t/ha. Union exceeds standards for resistance to lodging and fungal diseases, as well as grain size and protein content. The variety has been included in the State Register of SD since 2022 with a permit for cultivation in 10, 11 and 12 regions of the Russian Federation and is a worthy alternative to foreign-bred wheat varieties.
Keywords: soft spring wheat (Triticum aestivum); initial material; hybridization; selection; line; yield; variety; grain quality; disease resistance.
Author Details: N. I. Korobeinikov, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), leading research fellow (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); V. S.Valekzhanin, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), leading research fellow (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.).
For citation: Korobeinikov NI, Valekzhanin VS [Union – a short-stemmed variety of soft spring wheat]. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2022; 36(10):23-7. Russian. doi: 10.53859/02352451_2022_36_10_23.