A. A. Novikova, O. S. Grechishkina, A. A. Emel’yanova, A. A. Pustovalova, M. V. Zamerzlyak
Federal Scientific Center of Biological Systems and Agrotechnologies, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. 9 Yanvarya, Orenburg, Orenburgskaya obl., 460000, Russian Federation
Abstract. The research aimed to identify the most adaptive durum wheat varieties that can withstand severe stress factors under the conditions of the Orenburg region. The experiments were carried out in 2018-2020 under very difficult weather conditions. The hydrothermal coefficient in 2018 was 0.281, in 2019 – 0.683, in 2020 – 0.312. The soil of the experimental plot was ordinary medium-thick, medium- and low-humus chernozem. The material for the study was 12 varieties of durum wheat, the standard – Bezenchukskaya 210. Stress resistance, compensatory ability, homeostaticity and genetic flexibility were determined in terms of yield. The most stress-resistant varieties were Bezenchukskaya 210 (S = -1.20) and Melodiya Dona (S = -1.41). On average, over three years of competitive testing, the most favourable parameters of genetic flexibility were observed in the varieties Bezenchukskaya zolotistaya (G = 1.93), Donskaya Elegiya (G = 1.89) and Kharkovskaya 46 (G = 1.88). The highest productivity coefficient was observed in the varieties Bezenchukskaya zolotistaya (KA = 3.67) and Bezenchukskaya 210 (KA = 3.55). The best varieties in terms of homeostatic properties were Bezenchukskaya zolotistaya (Hom = 13.07), Donskaya Elegiya (Hom = 15.55) and Kharkovskaya 46 (Hom = 16.32). The most adaptive in terms of the set of indicators was the variety Bezenchukskaya zolotistaya, which was characterised by the best yield (Y = 1.72 t/ha), adaptability coefficient (KA = 3.67) and homeostasis (Hom = 13.07).
Keywords: durum wheat (Triticum durum); yield; adaptability coefficient; stress resistance; genetic flexibility; homeostasis.
Author Details: A. A. Novikova, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), head of laboratory (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); O. S. Grechishkina, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), head of laboratory; A. A. Emel’yanova, research assistant; A. A. Pustovalova, research assistant; M. V. Zamerzlyak, agronomist.
For citation: Novikova AA, Grechishkina OS, Emel’yanova AA, et al. [Adaptability and ecological stability of durum wheat varieties under the conditions of the Orenburg region].Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2022;36(10):33-7. Russian. doi: 10.53859/02352451_2022_36_10_33.