Productivity of apple varieties in intensive orchards of the Lipetsk region

A. V. Soloviev¹, Yu. V. Trunov², I. V. Kulichikhin^2
1Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, ul. Timiryazevskaya, 49, Moskva, 127550, Russian Federation
²Michurinsk state agrarian university, ul. Internatsional’naya, 101, Michurinsk, Tambovskaya obl., 393760, Russian Federation

Abstract. The studies aimed to assess the degree of fruiting periodicity, yield stability and adaptability of apple varieties in intensive plantations of central Russia on dwarf rootstocks in orchards of different ages. The work was carried out in 2017-2020 in the Lipetsk region. The index of periodicity of fruiting, indicators of stability of productivity and adaptability were calculated. The experimental design 1 in the orchard of 2015 planting (4.0 m × 1.2 m, 2083 trees/ha) included the following options: rootstock (factor A) – M9, Paradizka Budagovsky; variety (factor B) – Lobo (standard), Ligol, Spartan, Honey Crisp, Berkutovskoe, Alva, Rozhdestvenskoe. Experimental design 2 in the orchard of 2011 plantings (4.0 m × 1.5 m, 1667 trees/ha): rootstock (factor A) – M9, 62-396; variety (factor B) – Lobo (standard), Bogatyr, Ligol, Zhigulevskoye, Rozhdestvenskoye, Kulikovskoe, Sinap Orlovsky, Orlik, Svezhest', Spartan, Berkutovskoe. The soil of the experimental plot was leached chernozem, medium loamy, medium thick, slightly acidic, moderately provided with the main elements of mineral nutrition. In an intensive orchard on dwarf rootstocks, which is starting to bear fruit (planted in 2015), the highest apple yield was observed in the Ligol variety on the rootstocks of Paradizka Budagovsky and M9 (30.9 and 57.9 t/ha, respectively). On average, for varieties, the yield of apple trees on the rootstock M9 was higher than on the rootstock Paradizka Budagovsky (30.5 and 22.6 t/ha, respectively). The Berkutovskoe variety on both types of rootstocks (3.6-9.4%), Ligol and Rozhdestvenskoye varieties on the M9 rootstock (6.9 and 5.2%, respectively) differed in the experiment with the highest periodicity of fruiting. In terms of stability of productivity and adaptability in intensive orchards on dwarf rootstocks under the conditions of the Lipetsk region, the Ligol variety showed the highest degree of realization of the biological potential of productivity on both studied types of dwarf rootstocks.

Keywords: cultivated apple (Malus domestica Borkh.); intensive orchards; dwarf rootstocks; yield; productivity; periodicity of fruiting.

Author Details: A. V. Soloviev, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), head of the department; Yu. V. Trunov, D. Sc. (Agr.), prof. (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); I. V. Kulichikhin, post graduate student.

For citation: Soloviev AV, Trunov YuV, Kulichikhin IV [Productivity of apple varieties in intensive orchards of the Lipetsk region]. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2022; 36(12):5-9. Russian. doi: 10.53859/02352451_2022_36_12_5.