A. A. Sukhorukov, N. E. Bugakova, D. O. Dolzhenko
Tulajkov Samara Research Agricultural Institute, Samara Federal Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. K. Marksa, 41, pos. Bezenchuk, Bezenchukskii r-n, Samarskaya obl., 446254, Russian Federation
Abstract. The study aimed to create and study a winter-hardy, drought-resistant, mid-season variety of winter soft wheat with high grain quality. Work in the nursery for competitive variety testing was carried out on ordinary chernozem of the southern steppe zone of the Samara region in 2018-2021. The years of research were characterised by persistent drought in the spring-summer growing season (2018-2020; HTC 0.44–0.50), or only during the grain ripening period (2021). Phenotypic trait stability (SF) was calculated according to D. Lewis. Variety Alternative is highly winter-hardy, tall (up to 140 cm, 110 cm on average), mid-season (316 days). The average grain yield over the years of research was 3.65 t/ha, which was 0.31 t/ha higher than the yield of the standard variety Bezenchukskaya 380. Under the extreme conditions of the autumn and summer droughts of the 2018/2019 agricultural year, the increase was 17.6%. The advantage in yield was provided by larger grain (weight of 1000 pieces on average 34.6 g, which was 2.2 g higher than that of the standard). The quality indicators of the new variety were high: grain vitreousness – 65%, falling number – 370 s, protein content in grain – 15.7%, crude gluten – 30.0%, dough thinning – 20 farinograph units, valorimetric assessment – 89 valorimeter units, bread volume – 858 ml, evaluation bread – 4.5 points. Characteristics of the Alternative variety with low variability and high phenotypic stability: grain size (Сv= 1.7%, SF= 1.0), protein content in grain (Сv= 1.0%, SF= 1.0), gluten content in grain (Cv= 3.0%, SF=1.1), bread evaluation (Cv= 6.6%, SF= 1.2). Since 2020, the Alternative variety has been approved for use in the Middle Volga region.
Keywords: soft winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.); breeding; yield; grain quality; variety; phenotypic stability.
Author Details: A. A. Sukhorukov, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), senior research fellow; N. E. Bugakova, junior research fellow (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); D. O. Dolzhenko, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), leading research fellow (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.).
For citation: Sukhorukov AA, Bugakova NE, Dolzhenko DO. [Creation and evaluation of winter wheat variety Alternative]. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2022;36(12):40-4. Russian. doi: 10.53859/02352451_2022_36_12_40.