L.D. Urazova
Siberian Research Institute of Agriculture and peat RAAS
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Summary. Meadow fescue deserves special attention for cultivation in the taiga zone of the hay-pastoral use of. It is capable in the harsh conditions of winter and moderately warm summer generate a high yield crop with high quality, is resistant to fungal diseases. When assessing the collection of samples, the main attention was paid to the study of characteristics and properties, which limit their cultivation in the conditions of the taiga zone of Tomsk region. This is, above all a high winter hardiness and intensity of regrowth in the spring time and after the cuts, the yield of the crop and seed, resistant to the most common diseases. Extreme weather conditions over a period of research made it possible to evaluate the breeding material for adaptability to stressful environmental factors. Spring in the years of the research was cold and long, which significantly delayed the beginning of the vegetation and vegetation periods were cold with excess of moisture. In the studies the samples of wild meadow fescue, collected as a result of expeditions by Kolpashevsky district of Tomsk oblast was used. In the conditions of the taiga zone of Tomsk region in the collection nursery 150 samples of wild meadow fescue have studied. The complex estimation of a winter hardness, a density, a foliage, a capacity of grass, a resistance to lodging, an yield of green mass, of dry matter, a seed productivity were made. In the process of studying of a source material 53 source of valuable economic and biological features for their involvement in the selection process were selected. For breeding meadow fescue of hay-pasture areas of use in the conditions of the taiga zone of Tomsk region valuable source material was selected: K – 13915, 13980, 13987, 14065, 14056. These numbers exceeded the standard for green mass yield 5,4-26,2% dry matter – on 22,2-38,8%; seeds – on 10,0-30,0%.
Keywords: breeding, meadow fescue, wild samples, productivity, resistance.