A.A. Uskornikov
Research Institute of Horticulture for Siberia named after M.A. Lisavenko of Rus. Acad. of Adr. Sci.
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Summary. Golden currant is a valuable berry crop. It is notable for high adaptive ability, winter resistance, resistance to pests and diseases, high stable yield and dry resistance. More often golden currant is grown as an ornamental plant, in commercial plantations of the middle zone of Russia it is met very rarely. The task of breeding of this crop is the development of productive, self-fertile varieties, with different ripening time, available for machine harvesting. The aim of our investigations is evaluation of productivity and quality of berries of golden currant in conditions of a forest-steppe of the South of Western Siberia. Experimental observations were carried out in 2011-2012 years at the Institute of horticulture for Siberia of the Russian agricultural academy in accordance with the program and method of variety studying of fruit, berry and nut crops. Investigation results in yield, mass and biochemical composition of berries of 15 variety specimens of golden currant are presented. The following productive varieties are selected: Levushka, Otrada, Podarok Ariadne, Chernyi velikan Missuri, Yubiley Altaya, the yield of which is 3,3 – 4,0 kg/bush. The most large-fruited varieties are Izabella, Chernyi velikan Missuri, Shafak, № 53, with an average mass of berries 1,8 – 2,3 g, maximum 2,9 – 3,4 g, control – 0,7 and 1,1 g. In complex of biochemical indices of berries the varieties Izabella, Levushka, Podarok Ariadne and hybrid seedlings № 31 and № 53 are selected. Cross pollination has been carried out in 6 varieties and the best pollinators have been chosen. The best pollinators for set of berries are: for the variety Barnaulskaya – the variety Yubiley Altaya; for the variety Levushka – Otrada and Podarok Ariadne; for the variety Podarok Ariadne – Levushka; for the variety Chernyi velikan Missuri – Barnaulskaya; for the variety Yubiley Altaya – Levushka. The variety Otrada is self-fertile and can be cultivated without pollinators.
Keywords: golden currant, yield, cross-pollination, variety-pollinators, mass and biochemical composition of fruits.