1V.A. Soloshenko, 1G.M. Goncharenko, 2V.A. Pleshakov, 1A.A. Dvoryatkin, 1N.B. Grishina, 1T.S. Goryacheva
1State Scientific Establishment Siberian Research Institute of Animal Husbandry of the Russian Academy of Agricultural Sciences
2Llc «Association of breeding meat cattle breeding of Altai»
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Summary. Researches conducted for the purpose of improvement of selection of cattle with use of the DNA-markers associated with quality factors of meat of animals. By the PCR-analysis method revealed the frequency of genotypes of the TG5 gene defining marbling of meat, as one of the main factors of its quality. Polymorphism of the TG5 gene is studied as at local, and the introduced breeds of Siberia: Hereford (n=454), Russian hornless (n=34), Aberdeen - Anguss (n=150), Galloway (n=27). The best ratio of genotypes to Aberdeen - Anguss breed at which the desirable TT genotype meets at 5% of animals are revealed. Homozygous CC genotypes at them by 24,7% less, and heterozygous by 21,8% more, than in Hereford breed (p < 0,001). It is shown that the frequency of a desirable TT genotype of the TG5 gene in herds Hereford breed of the Novosibirsk area and the Altai region varies from 0,0 to 4,5%. Among the delivered bull-calves and cow-calves from Canada, with a desirable of TT genotype (1,7-4%), and to T allel (0,092-0,140) of the TG5 gene also there aren't enough animals. Generally they are carriers of a homozygous CC genotype (76,0-83,3%) and C allel (0,841-0,962). Essential influence of genotypes on energy of growth of young growth it isn't revealed. Throughout growing of bull-calves their average daily gain fluctuated from 859 to 1000 g. The maximum average daily gain makes 1700 g that can testify to the good genetic potential of animals.
Keywords: Herefords, Simmentals, Aberdeen-Anguss, Galloways, genotype, marbling of meat, biochemical analysis.