N.Sh. Khisamutdinov, I.A. Yapparov, M.M. Ilyasov, N.L. Sharonova, R.R. Gazizov
Tatar Research Institute of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Agricultural Sciences
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Summary. In the article there were presented data evaluating the effect of different doses and methods of nanostructured water phosphate suspension (NWPS) application of on growth and yield of maize. There were established accelerating the development of plants in the initial period of ontogenesis due stimulating effect on seedlings by increasing the availability of phosphorus in the critical period of growth. The greatest height of the plants there was found in the flowering at introduction NWPS into the soil 1,0 t / ha and preplant seed treatment at 1,25 kg / m – 249,0 and 251,0 cm, the gain control – 49,1 and 50,3%, to the background – 33,9 and 34,9%, to conventional phosphorite grinding – 14,2 and 15,1%, respectively. The increasing of leaf area at using NWPS into the soil and seed treatment was 283 and 286 cm2 compared to conventional phosphorite grinding respectively. The increasing the root biomass at application NWPS into the soil 1,0 t / ha as compared to controls was 5,6 times, with the background – 3,5 times , with the conventional phosphorite grinding – 2,2 times. The use of NWPS at all doses gave a reliable yield increasing of corn green mass. The green mass of corn was higher by 25,0-45,0% compared to the background at introduction of different doses of NWPS into the soil. The increasing of green mass compared to conventional phosphorite grinding ranged from 4,0 to 15,0%. Seed treatment with NWPS increased yield of green mass by 29,0-41,0% compared with the background and 8,0-12,0% with conventional phosphorite grinding. The highest increasing of yield was in the variant the NWPS introduction into the soil 1,0 t / ha: 45,0% compared to the background and 15,0% compared to conventional phosphorite grinding.
Keywords: yield, phenological observations, plant height, ground phosphate rock, nanostructured water phosphate suspension, root length, doses and methods of application.