Z.I. Usanova, V.V. Kozlov
Tver State Agricultural Academy
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Summary. Peculiarities of formation of 8 potato varieties productivity were investigated. One variety of Russian selection («Udacha») and 7 varieties of foreign selection (Germany) were cultivated with the help of environmentally sound and intensive technologies with row spacing of 90 cm using Lemken and Grimme agricultural machinery. Potatoes were placed after two predecessors – repeatedly after potato and white mustard on green manure. Investigations were carried out in 2012-2013 with the help of three-factor field experiment at the sod-medium podzolic well cultivated soil formed on the loam blanket in LLC «Tver Agroprom» (Tver region). We discovered significant advantages of placing potato after white mustard on green manure, which ensures varieties productivity increase, on average, for the environmentally sound technology by 1.9 times (from 14.6 to 28.0 t/ha), for an intensive technology – by 1.8 times (from 23.9 to 42.4 t/ha). Intensive cultivation technology increases productivity when predecessors are used – for potatoes by 1.6 times (from 14.6 to 23.9 t/ha), for mustard and green manure – to 1.5 times (from 28.0 to 42.4 t/ha). Cultivation of Russian variety «Udacha» is the most economically advantageous for both technologies, because when cultivated with the help of environmentally sound technology it provides the production profitability level (167.5%) which is not less than in the case of using intensive technology (161.5%).
Keywords: potatoes, varieties, technology – intensive, environmentally safe, predecessors – potatoes, white mustard on green manure, productivity, profitability of production.