V.K. Dridiger1, M.P. Jykova2, A.A. Fedotov3, A.I. Shtelmah4
1Stavropol Research Institute on Agriculture of Russian Academy of Agrarian Sciences, Russia, Stavropol region, Michailovsk city, Nikonova Str., 49
2Stavropol State Agrarian University, Russia, Stavropol city, Zootechnicheskiy side-street, 12
3Prikumskaya research plant breeding station of Stavropol Research Institute on Agriculture, Russia, Stavropol region, Budennovsk city, Vavilova Str., 4
4Animal breeding farm named after Lenin, Russia, Stavropol region, Arzgirsky district, Argizir settlement, Engels Str., 23
E-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.
Summary. The aim of researches was to establish the feasibility and effectiveness of using sainfoin as fallow culture in an extremely arid area of Stavropol region. Investigations were carried out in the farm-breeding named after Lenin in Arzgirskogo district of Stavropol region in 2008-2011 in rotation was early clean fallow or sainfoin fallow – winter wheat – winter wheat. Primary tillage in a clean, sainfoin fallow and a second rotation of winter wheat after clean and sainfoin fallow was performed by moldboardless on depth of 20…22 cm and the disk surface with a depth of 6…8 cm. On average over all ways of primary tillage winter wheat on clean fallow was created 3,75 t-ha of grain that was significantly higher at 0.51 t-ha (13,6%) in comparison with sainfoin one. However, in a saifoin fallow additionally 14,5 t-ha of green mass of sainfoin was obtained that in terms of conventional grain was 1,73 t-ha. In sainfoin fallow it was received 4,97 t-ha of conditional grain that was at 1,22 t-ha more than in clean one. While the highest yield of winter wheat and sainfoin was obtained in moldboard variant, the lowest – in variant of the surface treatment of the soil. Growing sainfoin as fallow culture provides a more economical use of precipitation moisture and increases the economic efficiency of arable land.
Keywords: sainfoin, clean fallow, busy fallow, soil moisture flow, economic efficiency.