V.A. Soloshenko, B.O. Inerbaev
Siberian Research Institute SB RAAS, Russia, Novosibirsk region, v. Krasnoobsk
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Summary. In the Novosibirsk region in 1985 the Institute carried out research work on a new type of Simmental beef different from baseline intensity of growth, the ability to maintain long-term growth without energy osalivaniya carcasses for use in the manufacture of high-quality beef that meets the requirements of a market economy. Recruitment and selection of the source herd of breeding stock was effected by delivery to the farm for meat and dairy heifers type of 4 districts. Was delivered 377 heifers aged 16-17 months by live weight corresponding to class I and above. In the first phase of heifers inseminated seed German, Canadian and American selections. Subsequently, preference was given to the German breeding bulls and cows inseminated with semen to produce hybrids II generation with subsequent dilution of their «in-itself». The current strength of Simmental beef in two areas (Novosibirsk, Tomsk) is 3853 head. Live weight of sires – 1000-1300 kg, cows ranged from 550 to 700 kg. Set high quality reproductive cows: service period – 104 days; mezhotelny period – 388 days; calving duration – 1 hour 24 min.; coefficient of reproductive ability – 0.94; business of calves for the last 6 years – 95%; age at first calving – 27 months. Simmental steers beef productivity, are paying much more efficient means for their cultivation. By 18 months of age, they surpassed the basic animals live weight by 5.3 – 11.6%, carcass weight – 10.4 – 19.6%, carcass yield – 2.5 – 4.2%.When comparing Simmental dairy and beef productivity on the markers in the blood groups of «Alexander Nevsky» revealed their significant genetic difference. Thus, the frequency of antigen B ‘y simmentalov meat by 26%, and antigen J’ is 18% higher than the productivity of dairy animals of the same property (p < 0.01). Also showed a significant difference in the frequency of antigen H’’ and Z. Their carriers in «Bagan» type 2-3 times greater than that of dairy animals (p < 0.05, p < 0.001). At the same time, the type of animal meat antigen P ‘is less than 13%, compared to dairy cows (p < 0.05).
Keywords: breeding, breed, type, line, family, live weight, average daily gain, meat productivity, antigens.