I.N. Romanova, S.N. Glushakov
Smolensk State Agrarian Academy, Bolshaya Sovetskaya Str., 10/2, Smolensk city, 214000, Russia
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Summary. The experiments were conducted to determine the effect of the basic elements of cultivation technology of flax modern varieties on the formation of straw, fibre, seeds and quality of products in the conditions of western part of non-Black soil zone. The study was conducted in 2010-2012 on the experimental field at Smolensk State Agricultural Academy on loamy sod-podzolic soil. Predecessor – winter grains. The formation of yield of flax varieties S-108 (standard), Impulse, Leader and quality of flax products in dependence on the terms of sowing, application rate and the level of nitrogen nutrition was studied in two-factor experiments. In conditions of the Smolensk region the above varieties had high adaptability and formed the straw yield at the level of 4,5-6,72 t-ha, seeds – 0,8-1,2 t-ha; fibre – 1,0-1,4 t-ha. The most favourable conditions for the growth and formation of flax varieties were formed during the first (24.04-02.05) and second (03.05-07.05) periods of sowing that provided with the yield of straw – 4,22-4,52 t-ha; fibre – 1,29-1,45 t-ha, seeds (at first sowing period) – 0,86-0,92 t-ha. For the cultivation of flax for fibre the optimum seeding rate of variety S -108 – 24 million seeds-ha, Impulse – 28 million seeds-ha. For the production of fax seeds for both varieties it is recommended to use a seeding rate of 20 million seeds-ha. While increasing doses of nitrogen fertilizers up to N40-60 for single application both varieties showed the increase of yield straw at 65-79%, fiber – 79-100%, seeds – 56-57%. Maximum survival rate of plants are marked for the first sowing date, gradual nitrogen fertilization, seeding rate – 20-24 million seeds-ha – 81-86%, that is being considered as optimal for the above region. The best quality of straw was observed while early planting data and gradual nitrogen according to the scheme 40+20: technical length of fibre – 59-62 cm; stem diameter – 0,8-0,9 mm; saitoti – 33-38%, milosti – 680-775. The variety Impulse had the higher parameters of yield, straw quality, quantity and content of fibre.
Keywords: long-fibred flax, variety, yield, fibre, seeds, straw, terms of sowing, fertilizer application rate.
Author Details: I.N. Romanova, Dr. Agricultural Sci., Professor (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); S.N. Glushakov, Cand. Agricultural Sci., Associate Prof.
For citation: Romanova I.N., Glushakov S.N. Influence of cultivation conditions on yield varieties of flax in western part of Non-black soil zone. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2014. T.28. №11. pp. 50-52 (In Russ)