A.A. Smirnov1, T.Ya. Prahova1, A.D. Smirnov2
1Penza Research Institute of Agriculture, Michurina Str., d. 1b, Lunino-1, Penza region, 442731, Russia
2Penza State Agrarian Academy, Botanicheskaya str., 30, Penza, 440014, Russia
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Summary. The article presents the results of phenological observations, which were carried out during the 10 years from 2005 to 2013. The object of research is nonconventional olive culture – crambe abyssinica in different phases of growth. The purpose of this study was to investigate the biological requirements of crops to heat and moisture and the length of its growing season. The development of plants, crambe passes through the main phases of growth: seedlings, education outlet, stooling, budding, flowering and full maturity. Under favorable conditions, amicable shoots usually appear 7-9 days after sowing. In the first period of vegetation crambe growing slowly. During budding, depending on the availability of moisture and heat, begins the fastest growth of the culture in height and in this period there buds. The period from budding to flowering is 25-35 days. Flowering occurs crambe at 45-55 days after emergence and lasts 15-20 days. The maturation process lasts 25-35 days. In general, the duration of the growth and development crambe abyssinica on the average 90-102 days. The length of the vegetation period and the individual phenological phases depends mainly on moisture. In dry years, when the GTK – 0.5 and 0.2 for the vegetation period was 90 and 89 days, respectively. In highly moisture supply years of crambe has been slower: when the GTK 1.7 period from germination to maturity amounted to 101 days. The mathematical analysis showed a close relationship between meteorological factors and the duration of the vegetation period: with air temperature (r=0.79) and GTK (r=0.89). Сrambe abyssinica, owing to the unpretentiousness, adaptive to environmental factors and the short vegetative period, on years of the research, is perspective for its cultivation in different conditions agrobiological.
Keywords: crambe abyssinica, biology, phase of development, the vegetative period, climatic conditions, heat, moisture.
Author Details: A.A. Smirnov, Dr. Agricultural Sci., Director (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); T.Ya. Prahova, Dr. Agricultural Sci.; A.D. Smirnov, Junior Researcher.
For citation: Smirnov A.A., Prahova T.Ya., Smirnov A.D. Agrobiological features crambe abyssinica. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2014. T.28. №12. pp. 43-45 (In Russ)