A.S. Popov, N.E. Samofalova
All-Russian Research Institute of Grain Crops after I.G. Kalinenko, Nauchny Gorodok, 3, Zernograd, Rostov region, 347740, Russia
E-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.
Summary. The article presents the results of field experiments on the effect of depth of seed sowing of hard winter wheat (cv. Axinite) on the number of nodes, the depth of tillering nodes, germination, winter hardiness, yield and grain quality under conditions of the southern area of Rostov region. Sowing was carried out at the depth of 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 cm at the optimum time. The soil of the experimental plot was ordinary black soil carbonated. The predecessor was bare fallow. The seeding rate was 500 germinating seeds per a hectare. The plants of hard winter wheat formed one tillering node when were sown at 2 cm. With an increase in the seeding depth the seedlings formed several tillering nodes: two nodes with the sowing at 4 cm, three nodes with the sowing at 6, 8 and 10 cm. The deepening of seeds contributed to the increase in the number of multinodal forms of plants (from 20 % at sowing at 4 cm to 43 % when they were sown at 10 cm). Deeper planting promoted the increment of the depth of occurrence of the main tillering node from 1.5 cm (seeding at 2 cm) to 2.9 cm (sowing at 10 cm), as well as deeper bedding of nodes of the second (3…3.8 cm) and the third order (3.8…4.8 cm). This feature is very important for hard winter wheat, because due to the genetic nature it is less winter-hardy in comparison with soft winter wheat. Increasing the seeding depth reduced field germination from 79.5 % (2 cm) to 52.8 % (10 cm). Simultaneously winter hardiness grew from 70.8 % (2 cm) to 89.5 % (10 cm) due to the deepening of the tillering nodes. The maximum grain yield on average for three years of study was obtained when sowing depth was 4 cm and 6 cm - 4.95 t/ha and 4.75 t/ha, correspondingly. Planting depth had no effect on production quality.
Keywords: hard winter wheat, planting depth, number of nodes, tillering node, winter hardiness, yield, quality.
Author Details: A.S. Popov, Candidate of Science, Head of Laboratory (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.), N.E. Samofalova, Candidate of Science, Head of Laboratory.
For citation: Popov A.S., Samofalova N.E. The influence of depth of sowing on the number of nodes, depth of the tillering nodes, yield and quality of hard winter wheat. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2015. T.29. № 4. pp. 28-30 (In Russ)