THE EFFICIENCY OF PRE-SOWING SEED TREATMENT OF CROPS BY PROCESSED PRODUCTS OBTAINED AS A RESULT OF RADIATION TECHNOLOGIES

N.N. Loy¹, N.I. Sanzharova¹, A.A. Kuznetsov², A.A. Molin², V.A. Vinokurov^3
1Russian Research Institute of Radiology and Agroecology, 109 km, Kievskoe shosse, Obninsk, Kaluga region, 249032, Russia
²«Center» Atommed «Ltd, Varshavskoe shosse, 46, Moscow, 115230, Russia
³Russian State University of Oil and Gas named after I.M. Gubkin, Leninsky prospect, 65, Moscow, 119991, Russia

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Summary. The aim of the investigation was to study the effect of pre-sowing seed treatment by processed products derived from the hydrolysis of radiation-treated (dose 100 kGy) raw material (PPHRTRM) during the preparation of biofuel on crop yields under vegetation conditions. The objects of the research were lettuce Novogodny, tomato Perseus and radish Corundum. PPHRTRM was obtained at the State University of Oil and Gas named after I.M. Gubkin together with collaborators from OOO “Center “Atommed” during irradiation of bamboo sawdust. PPHRTRM composition, identified by a capillary electrophoresis system, included a mixture of organic acids (MOA): tartaric, malic, citric, succinic, lactic, phosphate, acetic acids. Application of different concentrations of MOA (within the range of 1*10E^-7 to 1*10E^-15 %) for pre-sowing treatment of seeds had stimulatory effect, which depended on the concentration of the substance and the crop. The treatment of lettuce seeds contributed to the increase in the number of leaves at the concentrations of MOA 1*10E^-13 % and 1*10E^-15 % by 17 and 25 %, of leaf area – at the concentrations 1*10E^-9 % and 1*10E^-15 % by 43 and 27 %, respectively. The pre-sowing treatment of radish seeds stimulated the development of plants and contributed to the increase in leaf area by 4…21 % and in the number of leaves by 9…12 %. Due to the treatment of seeds of vegetable cultures by MOA the yield of radish increased by 27…84 %, tomato - by 16…18 %, but such influence was not determined for lettuce. The treatment by MOA at the concentrations 1*10E^-13 and 1*10E^-15 % had the greatest stimulation effect on radish yield; for tomato such effect was provided by concentrations 1*10E^-7, 1*10E^-9 and 1*10E^-11 %. Low concentrations of MOA enhanced the marketability of roots of radish by 18 % and of tomato fruits - by 4.8…23.6 %.

Keywords: efficiency, pre-sowing treatment of seeds, processed products, agricultural crops, radiation technologies.

Author Details: N.N. Loy, Cand. Sc. (Biol.), Head of Sector (Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); N.I. Sanzharova, Dr. Sc. (Biol.), Corresponding Member, Deputy Director; A.A Kuznetsov, Director; A.A. Molin, Deputy Director; V.A. Vinokurov, Dr. Sc. (Chem.), Head of Department .

For citation: Loy N.N., Sanzharova N.I., Kuznetsov A.A, Molin A.A., Vinokurov V.A. The efficiency of pre-sowing seed treatment of crops by processed products obtained as a result of radiation technologies // Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2015. V. 29. № 5. pp. 29-32 (In Russ)