POTENTIAL OF VIR COLLECTION OF SUNFLOWER FOR THE BREEDING OF LARGE-SEEDED VARIETIES AND HYBRIDS

V.A. Gavrilova¹, V.T. Rozhkova², E.A. Pepelyaeva³, E.A. Bratch¹, E.O. Migacheva¹, I.N. Anisimova^1
1N.I. Vavilov Research Institute of Plant Industre, B. Morskaya, 42, 44, St. Petersburg, 190000, Russia
²Kuban Experiment Station of the N.I. Vavilov Research Institute of Plant Industry, Tsentralnaya, 2, Botanika, Gulkevichskii raion, Krasnodatskii krai, 352183, Russia
³Perm State National Research University, Bukirev, 15, Perm, 614990, Russia

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Summary. In order to select new source material to breed confectionary sunflower varieties and hybrids the large-seeded samples of sunflower of different origin were studied on the thousand achene weight and plumpness, as well as the presence of fertility restorer genes was estimated. According to the three-year observations (2008-2010) the thousand achene weight varied from 77 g in K-474 from Armenia to 183 g in C.03002 from China. Fifteen samples with the thousand achene weight more than 100 g were selected, including modern confectionary varieties Donskoy Krupnoplodny, Borodinsky, SPK, Lakomka, Zaporozhsky Konditersky. The absence of direct correlation between the achene size and plumpness was demonstrated with the use of X-ray analysis. The plumpness of the most large-seeded forms K-3586, 3516, 3619 with seed area more than 4.00 mm2 did not exceed 50 %. Samples K-1693, 1960, 1961, 2051, 3315, 3351, 3447, 3455, 3553, 3621 had the highest achene plumpness (more than 50 %). The results indicate the necessity of hybridization between samples with the highest trait indices and subsequent selection in the first and second generation. The large-seeded CMS lines VIR116, VIR151, VIR106s characterized by good achene plumpness also can be involved in hybridization. The Rf1 gene which is necessary for restoration of pollen fertility of forms with CMS PET1 was identified in 26 samples with the use of SCAR markers. The presence of this gene was confirmed by the results of test crosses. The presence of Y10 marker tightly linked to the Rf1 gene was detected in more than 60 % of analyzed plants of 10 samples. More than the half of tested plants within the varieties SPK, Donskoy Krupnoplodny and Borodinsky also possessed the Rf1 gene marker. A donor of pollen fertility restoration, the line VIR846, which is homozygous by the Rf1 gene and combines large-seeded trait with good achene plumpness, has been developed.

Keywords: large-seeded sunflower, varieties, hybrids, source material, achene plumpness.

Author Details: V.A. Gavrilova, Dr. Sc. (Biol.), Head of Division (е-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); V.T. Rozhkova, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), Leading Researcher; E.A. Pepelyaeva, Post-graduate student; E.A. Bratch, Assistant; E.O. Migacheva, Assistant; I.N. Anisimova, Dr. Sc. (Biol.), Leading Researcher.

For citation: Gavrilova V.A., Rozhkova V.T., Pepelyaeva E.A., Bratch E.A., Migacheva E.O., Anisimova I.N. Potential of VIR collection of sunflower for the breeding of large-seeded varieties and hybrids. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2015. V. 29. № 7. pp. 35-38 (In Russ)