M.A. Kushnarev, M.S. Kushnareva
Lisavenko Research Institute of Horticulture for Siberia, Zmeinogorsky tract, 49, Barnaul, 656045, Russia
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Summary. Apple is the leading fruit culture in Russia, including Siberia. The main method to promote its early ripeness is the development of varieties, which ensure early fruiting and rapid return of expenditures. With the aim of selection and further application in breeding the long-term investigations on early ripeness were carried out. We studied 1442 hybrid apple seedlings, belonging to 28 families of 9 groups of crosses. These seedlings were crossed in 2002-2004; they were bred in FSBSI “LRIHS”. The number of early ripening hybrids of the first generation of Siberian apple in combination of 18-9 x 32-26, started fruiting at the age of 6-7 years, was 88%. In the second generation the portion of such hybrids varied from 35 to 62% depending on the parental forms; among hybrids of the third generation it was from 7 to 58%. The hybrids of the fourth generation were less early ripening in comparison with F1, F2 and F3; the number of borne seedlings at the age of 6-7 was from 14 to 22%. In crossing groups F1 × F3, F1 × (F2 + F3 ), F2 × F1 , F3 × F2, F3 × F3 the most early ripening seedlings were selected in families 18-9 x pollen mixture of Altai cultivars (47%), Altaiskoye Bagryanoe x Altaiskoye Zimnee (39%), 18-9 × Altaiskoye Purpurovoye (36%). The greatest number of early-bearing seedlings was selected among families of the first, second and third generations of Siberian apple. Early-bearing seedlings were bred using varieties “Nezhnoye Zabaikalskoye”, “Podarok Sadovodam”, selected form 18-9 as maternal forms and “Scarlett”, “Severny Sinap”, selected form 32-26 as paternal forms.
Keywords: apple, breeding, hybrid, family, fruit bearing, early bearing.
Author Details: M.A. Kushnarev, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), Senior Researcher; M.S. Kushnareva, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), Researcher (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.).
For citation: Kushnarev M.A., Kushnareva M.S. Early ripeness of hybrid apple seedlings in dependence of their origin. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2015. V.29. №7. pp. 59-60 (In Russ)