Yu.P. Sukhanovskii, V.A. Vytovtov, Yu.A. Solov’eva, A.V. Prushchik, S.I. Sanzharova
All-Russia Research Institute of Arable Farming and Soil Erosion Control, K. Marx st., 70b, Kursk, 305021, Russia
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Summary. With the aim of evaluation of losses of dissolved biogenic substances with the surface water runoff, field experiments using the large rainfall simulator and laboratory tests with soil monoliths were carried out. In the field experiment the area of a runoff plot was3 sq. m. Soil monoliths for laboratory tests were sampled from the same fields; portable rainfall simulator was used on runoff plot with the circle shape and area 0.05 sq. m; there was no rill erosion. The tasks were: to obtain experimental data and to substantiate their using for natural rains and large catchment areas. The studies were conducted in Kursk region with dark grey forest soil (the loss of P2O5, 2013, in a year after ploughing of 30-year fallow) and with black soil (the loss of NH4, 2014, a grain-fallow-row crop rotation without fertilization, fallow). In both cases the loss of biogenic elements (mg/m2) depended on the layer of water runoff, and the differences between different rainfall simulators were within 10%, that confirmed our hypothesis: the losses of biogenic substances (per unit of area) depended on the runoff depth and not with rill erosion. This can be explained by the fact that rain runoff (and the loss of biogenic substances) depends on the area of water flows down into the rill net, which is only small portion of the catchment area. Having an experimental dependence of the loss of biogenic substances, it is possible to calculate a runoff layer for natural rains and large catchment areas and evaluate the loss of biogenic substances. It enables to evaluate their losses under natural conditions. Earlier there was not such solution.
Keywords: biogenic substances, dissolved forms, surface runoff, natural and artificial rains, black soil, gray forest soil.
Author Details: Yu.P. Sukhanovskii, Dr. Sc. (Agr.), Head of Laboratory (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); V. A. Vytovtov, Senior Researcher; Yu.A. Solov’eva, Cand. Sc. (Geog.), Senior Researcher; A.V. Prushchik, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), Senior Researcher; S.I. Sanzharova, Cand. Sc. (Biol.), Leading Researcher.
For citation: Sukhanovskii Yu.P., Vytovtov V.A., Solov’eva Yu.A., Prushchik A.V., Sanzharova S.I. Evaluation of losses of biogenic substance using a portable rainfall simulator. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2015. V. 29. №8. pp. 15-18 (In Russ)