LIMITS OF PHYTOREMEDIATION RESISTANCE OF SAFFLOWER PLANTS (СARTHAMUS THINCTORIUS L.) TO HEAVY METALS WITH APPLICATION OF TRILON B IN THE SUBSTRATE MADE FROM THERMOPHILIC FERMENTED SEWAGE SLUDGE

D.A. Postnikov, I.E. Avtukhovich, S.L. Belopukhov
Russian Timiryazev State Agrarian University, Timiryazevskaya str., 49, Moscow, 127550, Russia

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Summary. A three-year field experiment was conducted in 2010-2012 under conditions of the waste treatment facilities of Istra, Moscow region. The main objective of the research was to search and substantiate the optimal dose of Na₂EDТА (ethylenediaminotetraacetic acid disodium salt) for use in the technology of phytoremediation of polluted substrates. The experiment was carried out in the closed pots placed into the ground. The substrate represented the mix of sewage sludge and sawdust in ratio 2:1. In 2010 Na₂EDТА was applied in pots with safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) plants and without them at the rates of 0, 1, 3 and 6 mmol/kg of the substrate, according to the scheme of the experiment. To study the effect and after-effect of application of Na₂EDТА, we carried out splitting of plots, and the quantity of variants increased up to 14. The replication of the experiment was fourfold. Phenological and biometric observation and records were carried out. The substrate and plant material were analyzed on contents of lead, cadmium, copper and zinc using method of atomic absorption spectrometry. In the first year of the experiment an increase in the bioproductivity of shoots and roots of experimental plants in variants with Na₂EDТА application in doses of 1 and 3 mmol/kg was noted. The dose of 6 mmol/kg appeared to be toxic for plants, which was expressed in decrease in biomass and chlorosis of plants’ leaves. In 2011 (the after-effect) no significant differences in bioproductivity of plants were noted. In 2012, under condition of the superposition of the 2nd year, the indications of inhibition by Na₂EDТА at the dose of 6mmol/kg were revealed. Na₂EDТА increased the mobility of metals in the substrate on average 1.1-2 times and increased their accumulation by plants. At the dose of 3 mmol/kg at double superposition the preparation increased accumulation of cadmium, copper and zimc by plants’ shoots maximally 4.2; 1.7 and 4.4 times, correspondimgly, and accumulation of these metals by roots 3.2; 5.1 and 3.6 times, respectively, in comparison with the control. This dose appeared to be a threshold dose.

Keywords: phytoremediation, phytoextraction, heavy metals, Trilon B, sewage sludge, safflower plants.

Author Details: D.A. Postnikov, Dr. Sc. (Agr.), Prof., I.E. Avtukhovich, Dr. Sc. (Agr.), Prof., S.L. Belopukhov, Dr. Sc. (Agr.), Prof., Head of Department.

For citation: Postnikov D.A., Avtukhovich I.E., Belopukhov S.L. Limits of phytoremediation resistance of safflower plants (Сarthamus thinctorius L.) to heavy metals with application of Trilon B in the substrate made from thermophilic fermented sewage sludge // Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2015. V. 29. No 8. pp. 50-54 (In Russ)