E.E. Zaschepkin, A.P. Shutko, A.N. Esaulko
Stavropol State Agrarian University, Zootechnicheskiy per., 12, Stavropol, 355017, Russia
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Summary. The article presents comparative evaluation of injury of winter wheat by fusarium root rot and leaves-stem diseases at direct seeding and traditional technology of tillage. The experiments were carried out in 2013-2015 at educational and experimental station of Stavropol State Agrarian University under conditions of the stationary experiment. The research was carried out in the zone of unstable moistening on the plot with leached thick low-humic heavy loamy black soil on loess-like loam. The phytosanitary state of winter wheat was studied in accordance with the procedures of All-Russian Research Institute of Plant Protection. Under conditions of unstable moistening on leached black soil in 5-6th year of application of the direct seeding technology winter wheat damage by root rot varies considerably. It is determined by weather conditions of growing season, first of all, by moistening conditions, since leached black soil has a tendency to increased hardsetting the excessive moistening causes additional stress for root system of plants due to lack of aeration. No significant differences in the phytosanitary condition of winter wheat in respect of root rot with direct seeding and conventional technology of tillage were revealed. At this stage of the introduction of the resource-saving technology under conditions of lack of moisture (the zone of unstable moistening) the decomposition of crop residues, which are the main source of leaves and stem disease, occurs inefficiently. Consequently, the occurrence and development of tan spot and Septoria spot at the direct seeding technology surpassed the control (traditional tillage) 1.6-2 times.
Keywords: winter wheat, root rot, Septoria spot, tan spot, direct seeding technology, traditional tillage.
Author Details: E.E. Zaschepkin, post-graduate student; A.P. Shutko, D. Sc. (Agr.), head of department (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); A.N. Esaulko, D. Sc. (Agr.), prof.
For citation: Zaschepkin E.E., Shutko A.P., Esaulko A.N. Phytosanitary condition of winter wheat crops with the technology of direct seeding on leached black soil. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2015. V. 29. No. 9. pp. 25-28 (In Russ)