V.P. Ponazhev, O.V. Medvedeva
All Russian Flax Research Institute, 35, Lunacharsky ul., Torzhok, Tverskaya obl., 172002, Russia
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Summary. It was substantiated the high efficiency of application of breeding and technological approaches under modern conditions in order to ensure accelerated growth of flax-produce production and development of safe domestic primary base. To date, at the Institute of flax and other breeding organizations high-yielding varieties of fiber flax were developed and proposed to the production. These varieties have fiber productivity up to 2.2 t/ha, good quality and high level of expression of valuable characteristics. Among them there is variety Diplomat, developed during the last three years and characterizing by complex resistance to three diseases simultaneously: rust, fusarial wilt and anthracnose. There are also cultivars Peresvet with fiber content in stems up to 37%; Sursky with universal application; Aleksandrit with high yield of fiber (up to 2.2 t/ha); Pamyaty Krepkova with very good quality of fiber (the number of long fiber is 15). For a number of the main technological parameters new varieties of fiber flax of domestic breeding are as good as foreign analogs, but in certain signs–fiber content, disease resistance, early maturation, adaptive capacity–surpass them by 2.3%, 9.7%, 9 days and 27%, correspondingly. Zonal and adaptive system of primary (elite) seed farming was developed and introduced for accelerated assimilation of new varieties. This system enables to increase production of original and elite seeds more than two times on the basis of low-cost methods and technologies. To extent the zone of seed reproduction scientifically substantiated proposals of distribution and cultivation of fiber flax in southern Middle-Volga region and similar ones were offered. This region is characterized by the presence of fertile soils. Fiber flax varieties, included in the State Register of Selection Achievements–Zaryanka, Voskhod, Lider, Tomsky 17, Tomsky 18, TOST, TOST 3, TOST 4, TOST 5, Alfa, Aleksim, Lenok, Tverskoy, Impuls, Sinichka and Rosinka ensured under new conditions not only high yield of seeds (more than 1 t/ha), but also good quality of variety and sowing characteristics of seed material.
Keywords: fiber flax, variety, seeds, fiber, breeding, seed production, quality, yield.
Author Details: V.P. Ponazhev, D. Sc. (Agr.), director (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); O.V. Medvedeva, head of laboratory.
For citation: Ponazhev V.P., Medvedeva O.V. Modern achievements of breeding and seed-farming for flax growing production. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2015. V.29. No9. pp. 36-39 (In Russ)