APPLICATION OF DEVELOPED SYSTEM OF BLOOD GROUPS USAGE AT BREEDING STAGES OF BROWN SWISS CATTLE IN SMOLENSK REGION

M.E. Gontov¹, D.N. Koltsov¹, V.A. Bagirov², V.I. Listratenkova³, N.S. Petkevich^1,3, V.K. Chernushenko^1
1Smolensk Research Institute of Agriculture, ul. Nakhimova, 21, Smolensk, 214025, Russian Federation
²All-Russian Research Institute of Animal Husbandry named after L.K. Ernst, pos. Dubrovitsy, Podolsky r-n, Moskovskaya obl., 142132, Russian Federation
³Smolensk State Academy of Agriculture, ul. B. Sovetskaya, 10/2, Smolensk, 214000, Russian Federation

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Summary. The aim of the research was to determine the level of efficiency of the developed system of immunogenetic monitoring at stages of breeding of Brown Swiss breed and its type Smolensky, in order to improve milk productivity of cows. The investigations were carried out on herds of three pedigree farms and seven breeding reproducers according to conventional methods of zoo technical science. We analyzed alleles of EAB-locus that better reflect the genetic diversity of animals. Since 1972 it was tested more than 42 thousand head of breeding animals (stud bulls, cows and their offspring). The constant monitoring of gene-markers of blood groups at the stages of breeding of brown Swiss breed of cattle enabled to develop a system of their use in the improvement of the productive qualities of animals and develop a new milk type Smolensky of this breed using the best domestic and world gene pool of Brown Swiss breed of American selection and partly of Jersey breed. The analysis of the level of milk production of reliable origin daughters, who inherited one of the alternative EAB-alleles of fathers, enabled to establish that in 72% of cases the difference during the first lactation in the yield of milk was 500-800 kg, the content of milk fat–0.04-022% and of protein–0.06-0.26% (it was estimated 112 stud bulls by productivity of their 2642 daughters). We also identified significant differences between half-sisters on early maturing, length of the first lactation, live weight and rate of milk flow. According to the level of milk productivity the cows of new type surpass parents by 36%; the accuracy of breeding was increased by 22%.

Keywords: Brown Swiss, type Smolensky, alleles of blood groups, allele pool, genotype, breeding, milk productivity, high-productive herds, economic efficiency.

Author Details: M.E. Gontov, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), head of division (Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); D.N. Koltsov, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), deputy director; V.A. Bagirov, D. Sc. (Biol.), corresponding member of the RAS, head of laboratory; V.I. Listratenkova, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), head of department; N.S. Petkevich, D. Sc. (Agr.), leading research fellow; V.K. Chernushenko, D. Sc. (Agr.), corresponding member of the RAS, senior research fellow.

For citation: Gontov M.E., Koltsov D.N., Bagirov V.A., Listratenkova V.I., Petkevich N.S., Chernushenko V.K. Application of Developed System of Blood Groups Usage at Breeding Stages of Brown Swiss Cattle in Smolensk Region. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2015. Vol. 29. No 10. pp. 86-89 (in Russ.)