S.V. Garkusha, L.V. Esaulova, V.I. Gospadinova
All-Russian Rice Research Institute, pos. Belozerny, 3, Krasnodar, 350921, Russian Federation
Summary. According to data of FAOSTAT in 2014-2015 rice crops are located in 116 countries on the area of 165 million hectares; annual grain production in the world is about 745 million tons. Rice is the most popular cereal crop in the diet of Russian consumer. The fraction of rice in the consumption structure in Russia is 29% in volume terms. Currently in the Russian Federation rice is grown in 9 regions of three federal districts: the Southern Federal district–the Republic of Adygeya and Kalmykia, Krasnodar, Astrakhan and Rostov regions; the North Caucasian Federal district–the Republic of Dagestan and Chechnya; the Far Eastern Federal district–Primorski Krai and Jewish Autonomous Region. Despite the changeable weather conditions, over 18 years (since 1997) the productivity of the culture in our country increased 2.5 times, and total output–3.5 times (from 328,000 tons in 1997 to 1,117,000 tons in 2015). In 2015 the area under rice in Russia was 198,000 ha, productivity–5.6 t/ha, and total harvest of rice grain–1,117,200 tons. In the main rice producing region of the country – Krasnodar region – the yield reached 6.4 t/ha, and total output–860,100 tons, which is by 37,100 tons more than in 2014. Only due to variety changing and optimization of varietal structure of crop the additional profit from the introduction of new varieties of breeding of All-Russian Research Institute of Rice Breeding in the last 7 years was 7 billion rubles.
Keywords: rice, production, sown area, yield, variety, variety changing, consumption, import, export.
Author Details: S.V. Garkusha, D.Sc. (Agr.), acting director; L.V. Esaulova, Cand. Sc. (Biol.), leading research fellow (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); V.I. Gospadinova, Cand. Sc. (Tech.), leading research fellow.
For citation: Garkusha S.V., Esaulova L.V., Gospadinova V.I. Problems of Rice-Growing Industry in the Russian Federation and Ways of Their Solving. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2015. V.29. No 12. Pp. 10-12 (In Russ.)