A.I. Pryanishnikov, R.G. Sayfullin, T.B. Kulevatova, S.V. Lyasheva
Agricultural Research Institute of South-East Region, ul. Tulaykova, 7, Saratov, 410010, Russian Federation
Summary. Historically the work of the institute was oriented on development of varieties with high adaptive characteristics. The diversity of realizing breeding programs contributes to it. A new variety of spring soft wheat with wide ecological plasticity, Saratovskaya 74, was selected on the results of multilocation tests. Systematization of the main limiting factors on the basis of the analysis of genotype-environmental interactions over 50-year period enabled to typify the “scripts” for weather situation and to determine the differences of productive properties of winter wheat. In favorable years the main indices of yield structure are characteristics of biocoenosis (number of stems and grain mass from 1 m2), in unfavorable years–of plants (number of grains and grain mass from main spike and plant). The selection of promising for yield material under contrast conditions with the use of test samples allows forming of a system of complementary varieties of winter wheat (Zhemchuzhina Povolzhiya, Kalach 60, Sozvezdiye, Elvira, etc.). Breeding for intended use of varieties, which are high demand for quality improvement of food, dietary and confectionary use, was realized with development of varieties of white-grain rye (Pamyaty Bambisheva, Solnyshko), sorghum (Belochka), sunflower (Slastena, VOL). Formulation of gluten-free cereal preparation and low-gluten bread for dietary nutrition was worked out for grain use of sorghum variety (Belochka) in Research Institute of Agriculture of South-East Region. The actualization of heterotic breeding was realized with development of new hybrids of sunflower Kontinent, Duet, Everest, which were listed in State Register of Selection Achievements since 2015. Step-by-step accumulation of positive properties allows new varieties and hybrids better using of use of bioclimatic potential of Volga Region, including expansion of the assortment, and based on this to stabilize the gross harvest of high quality grain.
Keywords: breeding, ecological plasticity, vertical breeding, structure of productivity, variability, intravariety hybridization, shuttle breeding, heterotic breeding.
Author Details: A.I. Pryanishnikov, D.Sc. (Agr.), director (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); R.G. Sayfullin, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), head of laboratory; T.B. Kulevatova, Cand. Sc. (Biol.), leading research fellow; S.V. Lyasheva, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), director of breeding center
For citation: Pryanishnikov A.I., Sayfullin R.G., Kulevatova T.B., Lyasheva S.V. About Development of Breeding Factor in Adaptive Crop Production in Research Institute of Agriculture of South-East Region (to the 105th anniversary of breedng works). Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2015. V.29. No 12. Pp. 13-15 (In Russ.)