EVIDENCE FOR THE SELECTION OF WINTER GARLIC VARIETIES AND POSSIBILITY OF ITS CULTURATION UNDER COVERING MATERIAL

V.E. Lazko¹, N.I. Bogolepova¹, S.G. Lukomets^2
1All-Russian Research Institute of Rice Breeding, pos. Belozerny, 3, Krasnodar, 350921, Russian Federation
²Kuban State Agrarian University, ul. Kalinina, 13, Krasnodar, 350044, Russian Federation

Summary. The aim of the investigation was to analyze the suitability of garlic varieties to the conditions of the central part of Krasnodar Krai and to evaluate the influence of covering material on the temperature profile of soil and surface air. We used nonbolting garlic varieties Lekar and Bogolepovsky and bolting variety Triumph. To study the influence of covering materials on soil microclimate the “Acryl” landscape fabric with the density 30 g/m2 was used. The analysis of winter hardiness and productivity of garlic varieties was carried out within the 10-year period (2005-2014). The influence of covering material on the temperature profile of soil and air was estimated in 2012-2013. According to the data of the analysis of winter hardiness and productivity, there was the highest adaptability to the conditions of the soil and climatic zone in the Triumph variety, the average productivity of which for 10 years was 6.4 t/ha; in the Bogolepovsky and Lekar varieties it was 5.9 t/ha. Winter hardiness of these garlic varieties is good, from 82.2 to 97.7%. All studied varieties relate to yearly bearing fruit ones and are characterized by high stability of fruiting. All represented indices reveal variety individuality and confirm the sufficiently good adaptability of these cultivars to the soil and climatic conditions of the zone of cultivation. The use of the “Acryl” covering material enables to create more uniform and favorable temperature profile of the soil and surface air. At the day time the air temperature under the covering material was higher, than on the open space, and the difference was form 1.0 to 8.5 degrees. On the average under the landscape fabric it was warmer by 4.2 degrees in the daytime. At the soil depth of 3 cm on the average for the month the soil was warmer by 0.4 degrees under “Acryl”, in 10 cm horizon – by 1.2 degrees. The largest difference in temperatures was at the depth of the main bulk of roots. 15 cm; it was 1.5 degrees.

Keywords: covering material, winter hardiness, yield, garlic.

Author Details: V.E. Lazko, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), head of laboratory (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); N.I. Bogolepova, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), leading research fellow; S.G. Lukomets, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), assoc. prof.

For citation: Lazko V.E., Bogolepova N.I., Lukomets S.G. Evidence for the Selection of Winter Garlic Varieties and Possibility of its Culturation under Covering Material. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2015. Vol. 29. No 12. Pp. 58-61 (in Russ.)