A.M. Gertman, O.V. Naumova
South Urals State Agrarian University, ul. Gagarina, 13, Troitsk, Chelyabinskaya obl., 457100, Russian Federation
Summary. In the zones of ecological trouble in the external environment there are salts of heavy metals (nickel, lead, cadmium) in quantities exceeding the maximum permissible concentration and maximum permissible level. In conjunction with the violation of zoohygienic conditions and inadequate feeding (deficiency of protein, carotene) they contributes to the reduction of resistance in young animals. This is accompanied by the development of bronchial pneumonia with the typical symptoms (fever, cough, discharge from nostrils, moist crepitation, atrophy foci in lungs), electrocardiogram changes (reduction in the voltage in all leads, change of P, R and T waves, the PQ and TP intervals, the acceleration of a full cardiac cycle), X-ray pattern (dense well-contoured shading foci) and blood (high levels of heavy metals, erythropenia, anaemia, leukocytosis, reduction of factors of nonspecific resistance). The aim of the research was to develop an effective method of bronchopneumonia treatment of calves in the zones of ecological troubles. At the dispensary examination ill calves were registered. Infectious diseases of the respiratory system were excluded. One control and four experimental groups were formed from ill calves. Calves of the control group was treated with Enroflon, the first test one–with Baytril, the second test group–with the combination of Baytril and vermiculite, the third test one–with combination of Baytril and phototherapy, the fourth test group–with a complex of an antimicrobial broad-spectrum drug, vermiculite and phototherapy (lamp «AVERS-300»). The course of treatment was 14 days. During this period we determined the content of heavy metals in blood, factors of nonspecific resistance by conventional methods. By the end of the experiment the clinical signs of bronchopneumonia in calves with the complex treatment (mineral sorbent, antibiotics, phototherapy) were absent, the phagocytic activity of leukocytes increased by 71.8%, the bactericidal one–by 12.3%, and lysozyme activity–by 28.3% in comparison with the animals from the control group. Live weight gain exceeded the control by 7.3%.
Keywords: bronchopneumonia, natural-technogenic provinces, salts of heavy metals, vermiculite, complex therapy.
Author Details: A.M. Gertman, D. Sc. (Vet.), prof., head of department (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); O.V. Naumova, post-graduate student.
For citation: Gertman A.M., Naumova O.V. Method of Bronchopneumonia Treatment of Calves under Conditions of the Natural-Technogenic Province of the South Urals. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2015. Vol. 29. No 12. Pp. 104-107 (in Russ.).