A.A. Tereshenko, A.I. Suprunov
Krasnodar P.P. Lukyanenko Research Institute of Agriculture, Tsentralnaya Usadba KNIISKH, Krasnodar, 350012, Russian Federation
Summary. In the central zone of Krasnodar region during 2014-2015 the researches were carried out in order to develop new high-yield middle-early corn hybrids with quick grain drying during maturing. The soil of the test plots was leached low-humic extra-thick chernozem. We studied grain productivity of 96 hybrid combinations, obtained with the participation of one heterosis group (Kr 757, Kr 651 and Kr 602), which had great combining ability. Kr 602 is characterized by quick grain drying during maturing. Over the years of the research high effects of general combining ability were revealed for a number of new middle-early corn lines (757 6024-1-2-1, 757 602 3-2-2-1, 757 602 3-2-1-1, etc.). During both years high constants of specific combining ability were determined for lines 621 602 7-2-2-1, 651 602 8-2-2-1, 757 602 6-1-1-1, 757 602 8-1-1-1 with tester Kr 601 MV; 757 602 4-1-2-1, 757 602 6-1-1-1 with tester Kr 244 MV; 757 602 13-2-1-1, 757 602 5-1-2-1 with tester Kr 654, suggesting their stability and adaptability. Using testers Kr 244 MV and Kr 601 MV, five hybrid combinations were selected with the grain yield 10.22-10.66 t/ha, which is higher by 1.00-1.44 t/ha than for the standard variety Krasnodarsky 291 AMV. In 2015, due to the moisture deficit together with high day-time temperatures during grain formation grain yield was at the level of 6.77-8.40 t/ha. At the same time the hybrid combinations 757 602 3-2-2-1 x Kr 601 MV, 757 602 4-1-2-1 x Kr 601 MV, 757 602 3-2-1-1 x Kr 601 MV and 757 602 4-1-2-1 x Kr 244 MV significantly exceeded the standard by 1.32-1.82 t/ha (the least significant difference was 0.62 t/ha). Grain moisture during harvesting for the best experimental hybrids was less than for the standard by 3.0-4.9% in 2014 and by 1.8-3.5%–in 2015.
Keywords: corn, line, breeding value, general and specific combining ability, grain productivity, grain moisture at harvesting, heterosis group, source material, economic efficiency.
Author Details: A.A. Tereshenko, junior research fellow (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); A.I. Suprunov, D. Sc. (Аgr.), head of division.
For citation: Tereshenko A.A., Suprunov A.I. Breeding of Middle-Early Corn Hybrids with Quick Grain Drying during Maturing under Conditions of the Central Zone of Krasnodar Region. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2016. T. 30.No1.Pp. 30-32 (In Russ.).