PRODUCTIVITY AND QUALITY OF MONO- AND MIXED CROPS OF FORAGE CROPS CULTIVATED FOR GRAIN HAYLAGE AT RADIOACTIVE POLLUTION

Yu.N. Ivanov¹, I.N. Belous¹, S.F. Chesalin¹, А.S. Kononov^2
1Bryansky state agricultural university, ul. Sovetskaya, 2a, Kokino, Vygonichsky r-n, Bryanskaya obl., 243365, Russian Federation
²Bryansky state university of a name of the academician I.G. Petrovsky, ul. Bezhitskaya, 14, Bryansk, 241036, Russian Federation

Summary. The field experiment to determine the efficiency of cultivation of yellow lupine and annual cereals in mono- and mixed crops for grain haylage and identify the most productive and qualitative mixtures under conditions of radioactive pollution of agrolandscapes was carried out in 2011-2013 on the base of Novozybkovsky State Agricultural Station of the All-Russian Research Institute of Lupine Breeding. The soil of the test plot is sandy, sod-podzol. Pollution density on the average is 850 kBq/m2. The design of the experiment included crops of yellow lupine Prestizh, oats Skakun, annual ryegrass Izorsky, Sudan grass Kinelskaya-100, millet Kvartet as monocultures and mixtures. Yellow lupine surpassed annual forage cereals in the level of productivity depending on doses of fertilizers 1.44-3.17 times. In the mixed crops the greatest value of this indicator was noted at cultivation of lupine in the mixture with Sudan grass at seeding rates 1.0 + 1.0 million grains/ha against introduction of potash fertilizer at the dose of K210. Under the influence of consistently increasing doses of potassium (K180 and K210) the content of crude protein in grain haylage raised, of caesium-137 – decreased. The forage from yellow lupine irrespective of application of potash fertilizers did not conform to requirements imposed to forage for concentration of caesium-137. The forage from cereal crops at introduction of potash fertilizer in the dose of 210 kg/ha is ecologically safe. We recommend using the grain haylage from yellow lupine and oats with seeding rates 1.0 + 3.5 m pcs/ha, yellow lupine with Sudan grass (1.0 + 1.0 m pcs/ha), yellow lupine with oats (1.0 + 3.0 m pcs/ha), obtained at application of K210, with specific activity of caesium-137 in the fodder within 115-177 Bq/kg as a component at preparation of forage with other environmentally safe cultures: oats, millet, Sudan grass in the ratio 1:2.5-3.0.

Keywords: ayellow lupine, annual forage cereals, productivity, mono- and mixed crops, crude protein, caesium-137.

Author Details: Yu.N. Ivanov, post-graduate student (е-­mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); I.N. Belous, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), assoc. prof.; S.F. Chesalin, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), assoc. prof.; А.S. Kononov, D. Sc. (Agr.), prof.

For citation: Ivanov Yu.I., Belous I.N., Chesalin S.F., Kononov А.S. Productivity and Quality of Mono- and Mixed Crops of Forage Crops Cultivated for Grain Haylage at Radioactive Pollution. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2016. Vol. 30. No. 1. Pp. 55-58 (In Russ.).