V.P. Kadushkina, A.I. Grabovets, S.A. Kovalenko
Don Zonal Research Institute of Agriculture, ul. Institutskaya, 1, pos. Rassvet, Aksay r-n, Rostovskaya obl., 346735, Russian Federation
Summary. The investigations were carried out in 2013-2015 in the northwest zone of Rostov region in a breeding crop rotation (bare fallow, winter cereals, leguminous plants, winter + spring cereals) at the research center of FGBNU Don Zonal Research Institute of Agriculture. The aim of the research was to demonstrate the importance of chemical mutagenesis in the creation of new genotypes during breeding of spring durum wheat under conditions of deepening aridity of the climate of Rostov region. Soil of the experimental plot is represented by middle thick southern calcareous chernozem. The material for the research was more than 500 new lines of the mutant origin with valuable economic and biological characteristics, which were the most adapted for the conditions of the region. These lines were developed as a result of seed treatment by the 0.1% solution of 1,4-bisdiazoacetylbutane. Varieties Donskaya Elegiya (Russian Federation) and SD 4353 (USA) were used. Under conditions of severe drought these genotypes formed stable yield (from 2.58 to 2.83 t/ha) and surpassed the standard cultivar Volgodonskaya by 2.0 to 4.5 t/ha. The increase in productivity is closely linked to the productive tillering (r = 0.72 ± 0.13), grain weight in spike (r = 0.52 ± 0.28) and number of grains in spike (r = 0.61 ± 0.24). The content of protein in grain of studied lines was at the level of 14.5-17.8%, of gluten–26.8-38.6%. The pasta, made from the flour of the experimental samples, was characterized by amber color, was resistant to overcooking and had an excellent quality. The Gord. 5033/12 line was distinguished among studied material by high content of carotenoid pigments in grain (3.6 mg/kg), high productivity (5.68 t/ha) and good technological quality (the content of protein in grain is 15.1%, of gluten–31.4%). In 2015 it was transferred to the state variety test under the name Donela M.
Keywords: breeding, spring durum wheat, mutagenesis, variety, pasta, spaghetti, carotenoids.
Author Details: V.P. Kadushkina, senior research fellow (е-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); A.I. Grabovets, corresponding member of the RAS, D. Sc. (Agr.), chief research fellow; S.A. Kovalenko, junior research fellow.
For citation: Kadushkina V.P., Grabovets A.I., Kovalenko S.A. Results of Chemical Mutagenesis in Breeding of Spring Durum Wheat. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2016. V. 30. № 2. Pp. 82-84 (In Russ.).