E.E. Mel’nikova, G.I. Bukreeva, L.A. Bespalova, O.A. Zhuk, N. Yu. Bortnikova
Krasnodar P.P. Lukyanenko Research Institute of Agriculture, Central Estate KNIISKH, Krasnodar, 350012, Russian Federation
Summary. With the use of electrophoretic analysis of grain it was identified alleles of gliadin encoding loci in the varieties and lines of common and shot wheats (Triticum aestivum and T. sphaerococcum) of the breeding of the P.P. Lukianenko Krasnodar Research Institute of Agriculture. The following alleles had the highest frequency of occurrence in breeding material during the study: Gld-1A4 (Gli-A1b) – 40.8%, Gld-1B1 (Gli-В1b) – 41.2%, Gld-1В3 (Gli-В1l) – 42.2%, Gld-1D (Gli-D1) – 47.6%. Among the varieties of Krasnodar breeding, included in the State Register of Selection Achievements of Russian Federation to 2016, the highest frequency of occurrence is for alleles Gld-1A4 (Gli-A1b) – 40.3%, Gld-1B1 (Gli-В1b) – 52.8%, Gld-1D (Gli-D1) – 42.8%. It was determined the alleles with high selection significance under conditions of Krasnodar region: for the Gld-1A (Gli-A1) locus they are 4 (b), 10 (g), 12 (b*), 14 (l); for the Gld-1D (Gli-D1) locus it is the 4 (j) allele for the breeding on the quality. To develop high-yield varieties the Gld-1A5 (Gli-A1a) allele is of certain value, as well as rye translocations 1AL/1RS and 1ВL/1RS. They are found in breeding material in increasing frequency (in 2011-2014 there were on the average 5.6% of genotypes with 1AL/1RS translocation and 42.7% of genotypes with 1ВL/1RS translocation). The genetic diversity of breeding material of winter common wheat is characterized by high polymorphism in alleles of gliadin encoding loci, especially in Gld-1A (Gli-A1). In total for gliadin encoding loci of chromosomes of the first homeologous group it was identified 24 alleles by electrophoresis in starch gel (SG) and 26 alleles by PAGE. For the Gld-1A (Gli-A1) locus it was identified 13 alleles both for SG and for PAGE in catalogues. Polymorphism of alleles of loci Gld-1B (Gli-B1) and Gld-1D (Gli-D1) is significantly lower: 6 and 7 alleles for SG, 5 and 6 alleles for PAGE.
Keywords: common wheat, gliadin, allele, gliadin encoding loci, electrophoresis.
Author Details: E.E. Mel’nikova, Cand. Sc. (Biol.), head of laboratory (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); G.I. Bukreeva, Cand. Sc. (Biol.), head of division; L.A. Bespalova, D. Sc. (Agr.), member of the RAS, head of division; O.A. Zhuk, research fellow; N.Yu. Bortnikova, junior research fellow.
For citation: Mel’nikova E.E., Bukreeva G.I., Bespalova L.A., Zhuk O.A., Bortnikova N.Yu. Dynamics of Genetic Diversity of Cultivars and Lines of Common Wheat of Krasnodar Breeding on the Alleles of Gliadin Encoding Loci. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2016. Vol. 30. No. 3. Pp. 51-53 (In Russ.).