A.A. Danilova
Siberian Researches Institute of Soil Management and Chemicalization for Agriculture, PO box 356, pos. Krasnoobsk, Novosibirskaya obl., 630501, Russian Federation
Summary. The aim of the research was to determine the doses of embedding plant residues, which are necessary and sufficient for pesticide detoxication during current vegetation period. For 6 years (2008-2013) the degradation rate of the Magnum herbicide (metsulfuron methyl) in leached chernozem of Ob region was studied. The field experiment was founded in 2001. The test consisted of three grain-fallow crop rotations (fallow – wheat – wheat). The rotations differed in the fallow fields use and amount of plant residues. In the first crop rotation (the first variant) the fallow field was bare fallow, wheat straw was burned during three rotations (2.5 t/ha of biomass in a year). The second crop rotation (the second variant) differed from the first one by the embedding of all straw in the soil (6.5 t/ha in a year). In the third crop rotation (the third variant) the fallow field was green-manured fallow (vetch and oat mixture was embedded at the phase of vetch flowering), on the other fields straw was embedded into the soil (9.5 t/ha in a year). With the help of phytotest on radish seedlings it was determined that 30-50% of applied pesticide decomposed in 45 days in the first variant; in the second and third variants the value was 50-80%. For comparison, in the soil under permanent fallow and fallow land these values were, respectively, 0-20 and 100%. In order to accelerate pesticide detoxication up to the level, sufficient to soil purification during current vegetation period, it is necessary to plow under 6-9 t/ha of dry substance annually, which corresponds to the all non-market part of the harvest of spring wheat with the productivity 2.5-3.0 t/ha.
Keywords: leached chernozem, Magnum herbicide, detoxication, phytotest.
Author Details: A.A. Danilova, D. Sc. (Biol.), senior research fellow (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.).
For citation: A.A. Danilova. Accessible Method of Regulation of Pesticide Detoxication Rate in Cereal Agrocenosis of Western Siberia. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2016. V.30. No 4. Pp. 33-35 (In Russ.).