N.A. Akopyan, O.V. Kostyunina, N.A. Zinovieva
L.K. Ernst All-Russian Research Institute of Animal Husbandry, pos. Dubrovitsy, 60, Podol ‘skii r-n, Moskovskaya obl., 142132, Russian Federation
Summary. DNA markers are a convenient tool in studies for reconstruction of origin of domestic animals, in particular pigs. Synthetic origin of domestic pig breeds, confirmed at the molecular level, limits the power of nuclear DNA markers in the study of their demographic history. The analysis of the sequence of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), which is characterized by maternal heritability, is an effective way to reconstruct the historical origin of breeds. The aim of the study was to develop the test system to analyze the sequence of the mtDNA displacement loop (D-loop) and to apply their to create a series of reference mtDNA haplotypes of the Large White and Landrace pig breeds, which are were mainly used in formation of domestic pig gene pool. In total, 50 Large White and 20 Landrace pigs, which were bred in the different breeding farms, were used for analysis. We selected oligonucleotide primers, which were able to amplify 770 bp of D-loop fragment intended for sequencing. Sequence analysis revealed the presence of 26 different haplotypes, including 18 haplotypes in Large White pigs and 8 ones in Landrace. Eighty-six variable sites were detected in total for two breeds. The most mutations were represented as transitions. The ratio of transitions to transversions according Hasegawa-Kishino-Yano test, model (+I), were R = 3.84. The average haplotype variability (h) in the total sample amounted to 0.0213 ± 0.0127. The analysis of dendrogram, which was built on the base of the sequence of mtDNA D-loop fragment, indicated the absence of clear clustering by breed principal. Most probably, it was due to the presence of a common ancestor and the gene exchange between breeds. Thus, we suggested the test system that allows producing the 770 bp fragment of the mtDNA D-loop sequence. Applying the developed test system we created the series of reference haplotypes of Large White and Landrace breeds, which will be used in further research for reconstruction of the demographic history of the indigenous pig breeds.
Keywords: Sus scrofa domestica L., D-loop, mitochondrial DNA, polymorphism, genetic diversity.
Author Details: N.A. Akopyan (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.), post-graduate student, junior research fellow; O.V. Kostjunina, Сand. Sc. (Biol.), head of division; N.A. Zinovieva, D. Sc. (Biol.), member of the RAS, director.
For citation: Akopyan N.A., Kostyunina O.V., Zinovieva N.A. Study of D-Loop Sequence of mtDNA of Large White and Landrace Breeds of Pigs Bred in Russia. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2016. Vol. 30. No 7. Pp. 93-95 (in Russ.).