V.N. Gundyrin, E.I. Godunova, S.N. Shkabarda
Stavropol Research Institute of Agriculture, ul. Nikonova, 49, Mikhailovsk, Shpakovskii r-n, Stavropol`skii krai, 356241, Russian Federation
Summary. The investigation was carried out in 2014-2015 in order to study the efficacy of hydrogel in a field crop rotation in the zone of unstable moistening of Stavropol Krai. The experiment was carried out in the field of the Stavropol Research Institute of Agriculture (since 2011). Two tillage methods were used: moldboard plowing at 20-22 cm and disking at 10-12 cm. The hydrogel in the doses of 100, 200, 300 and 400 kg/ha and mineral fertilizers (N60P60K60) were applied before tillage. The research was conducted in the crop rotation link “oilseed radish for green manure, winter wheat, winter wheat”. The hydrogel was introduced under the second winter wheat after the seeded fallow. The positive influence of the polymer on the content of productive moisture in the crops of winter wheat after seeded fallow was registered even in the third year after its application. At the tillering stage, the reserves of productive moisture in a meter layer with the hydrogel were greater than in the control (without the polymer) by 9.2-31.5 mm or 6.2-21.5% in 2014 (the first laying of the experiment) and by 3.1-27.4 mm or 2.1-18.3% in 2015 (the second laying of the experiment). During harvesting period these excesses were 20.4-37.2 mm or 34.4-57.0% in 2014 and 7.3-24.2 mm or 27.9-96.0% in 2015. The greatest effect was observed in variants with higher doses (300 and 400 kg/ha). Under the action of the hydrogel, it was observed a reduction in the coefficient of water consumption depending on the treatment and dosage of the hydrogel by 101-203 m3/t in 2014 and by 31-217 m3/t in 2015. Improving of the moisture provision of plants leads to the increase in grain yield of winter wheat, cultivated after seeded fallow. In the third year after application of hydrogel in the doses of 200, 300 and 400 kg/ha, the grain yield increase averaged 0.4-2.47 t/ha or 8.8-44.0% over two years in comparison with control (without polymer). The maximal increase in productivity of winter wheat in the experiment was noted against the unfertilized background (by 1.62 and 1.96 t/ha or 35.4 and 44.0%) and with the application of fertilizers and the polymer at the dose of 400 kg/ha (by 2.47 t/ha or 32.3 and 42.7%)n.
Keywords: hydrogel, productive moisture, coefficient of water consumption, yield, winter wheat, moldboard plowing, disking, seeded fallow.
Author Details: V.N. Gundyrin, post-graduate student (e-mael: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); E.I. Godunova, D. Sc. (Agr.), deputy director; S.N. Shkabarda, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), academic secretary.
For citation: Gundyrin V.N., Godunova E.I., Shkabarda S.N. Productivity of Winter Wheat with Hydrogel after Seeded Fallow. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2016. Vol. 30. No. 8. Pp. 37-39 (in Russ.).