A.G. Kuryleva1, A.A. Isakov2
1Udmurt Research Institute of Agriculture, ul. Lenina, 1, Pervomayskiy, Udmurt Republic, 427007, Russian Federation
2Russian Federation State Commission for Testing and Protection of Selection Achievements in the Republic of Udmurtia, ul. Falaleeva, 2, Mozhga, 427793, Russian Federation
Summary. According to the data of three state variety testing plots of the Udmurt Republic for 2013-2015 the complex estimation of released and new promising varieties of spring wheat was done. It was examined the productivity, parameters of adaptivity and ecological plasticity, resistance to the main diseases and pests. The soil of the test plots was sod-podzol with different granulometric composition and light-gray forest heavy loamy. The arable layer was of the middle degree of cultivation: the content of humus was from middle to high one (2.1-2.6%), of mobile phosphorus – from higher to extra-high one (101-251 mg/kg), of exchange potassium – from middle to extra-high one (100-300 mg/kg). In the north agro-climatic region (Balezinskii and Glazovskii state variety testing plots) the sum of temperatures higher 10 degrees is 1500-1700 degrees, HTC is 1.4-1.5. In the central region (Uvinskii state variety testing plot) the sum of temperatures higher 10 degrees is 1700-1900 degrees, HTC is 1.2-1.4. In the south region (Sarapul’skii and Mozhginskii state variety testing plots) the sum of temperatures higher 10 degrees is 1900-2100 degrees, HTC is 1.0-1.2. It was revealed the varieties ensured the stable high yield: in the early-ripening group varieties Gornoural’skaya and Idelle exceeded the standard (Irgina) by 8-34%; in the middle-ripe group the Chernozemnoural’skaya 2 variety surpassed the standard Krasnoufimskaya 100 by 10-19%. It was determined high-intensive varieties: Gornoural’skaya, Simbirtsit, Ekada 109 and Ioldyz, as well as semi-intensive ones: Irgina, Svecha, Idelle and Krasnoufimskaya 100. Varieties Chernozemnoural’skaya 2 and Omskaya 36 are responsive to growing conditions, but stability index is middle. It was determined high resistance to root rots (B. sorokiniana) and brown rust (P. triticina Eriks.) in the Omskaya 36 variety, to the dust-brand (Ustilago tritici Pers. Rostr.) – in the varieties Irgina and Idelle. The Ekada 109 variety was injured by fruit fly (Osinosoma frit L.) to a lesser degree.
Keywords: spring wheat, variety, productivity, flexibility, stability, disease and pest resistance.
Author Details: A.G. Kuryleva, Cand. Sc. (Agr), leading research fellow (е-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); A.A. Isakov, head of the branch.
For citation: Kuryleva A.G., Isakov A.A. Adaptive Capacity of Varieties of Spring Wheat under Conditions of the Udmurt Republic. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2016. Vol. 30. No. 8. Pp. 59-61 (in Russ).