G.D. Unkanzhinov, L.A. Boldyreva, A.G. Tertyshnaya
Station of Agrochemical Service “Kalmyckaya”, ul. Gubarevicha, 10, Elista, Respublika Kalmykiya, 358000, Russian Federation
Abstract. The article gives a brief characteristic of soil cover and agroclimatic resources of the Republic of Kalmykia, reflects a dynamics of content of mobile phosphorus, exchange potassium, organic matter and of soil alkalinity from1966 to 2015 according to the completed cycles of agrochemical and ecology-toxicological surveys. The tendency of decrease in the weighted-mean content of mobile phosphorus from 25 mg/kg in the IV and V cycles to 20 mg/kg in the VIII cycle, and in the weighted-mean content of organic matter from 1.61 % in the IV cycle to 1.40 % in the VIII was noted over the studied period. The content of exchange potassium and degree of alkalinity changed slightly. As of January 1, 2016 in general over the republic arable soils predominate with the low and average content of mobile phosphorus, increased and high provision with exchange potassium, with the content of organic matter less than 2.00 %, and with alkalescent reaction of soil medium. The balance of nutrients in the republic remained negative during the whole period of the survey that testifies the poor level of fertilizers application. As a result of the field experiments, carried out on light chestnut soils of the Central southern zone of the Republic of Kalmykia, it is proved that application of mineral fertilizers even in droughty years gives a reliable increase in grain yield, and usage of biostimulants raises its effectiveness. Positive influence of application of mineral fertilizers is shown on the example of the leading farms of the republic..
Keywords: soils, Republic of Kalmykia, fertility, nutrients, fertilizers, balance of nutrients.
Author Details: G.D. Unkanzhinov, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), director (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); L.A. Boldyreva, deputy director; A.G. Tertyshnaya, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), head of division.
For citation: Unkanzhinov G.D., Boldyreva L.A., Tertyshnaya A.G.Agrochemical Description of Arable Soils and Fertilizer Application in the Republic of Kalmykia. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2017. V. 31. No 1. Pp. 10-15 (in Russ.).